CAJ | 학술논문

目的对1996-2007年和2008-2014年中国狂犬病的分布特点进行对比分析,为狂犬病防制提供科学依据.方法收集狂犬病疫情资料,根据发病数将狂犬病疫情分为上升(1996-2007年)和下降(2008-2014年)两个阶段,分别对疫情报告、地理分布、人群和季节分布情况进行对比分析.结果 1996-2014年中国狂犬病报告病例共29 656例,年均1561例,发病率为0.1198/10万.1996-2007年,报告病例数为17 459例,年报告省(区、市)数20 ～ 24个;2008-2014年,报告病例数为12 197例,年报告省(区、市)数23 ～ 28个.与疫情上升阶段相比,在疫情下降阶段,原高发省(区、市)周边以及位于北部的14个省(区、市)发病数不降反升;男性病例构成由68.71％上升到70.54％(P =0.001);45 ～74岁病例构成由42.56％上升到52.60％ (P =0.000);农民病例构成由62.42％上升到69.76％(P =0.000);冬春季节病例构成由38.27％上升到42.34％(P=0.004).结论应重视犬间狂犬病的防控工作,加强农村地区中老年人群狂犬病防治知识的宣传教育,重视冬春季节狂犬病的防控.
목적 대1996-2007년화2008-2014년중국광견병적분포특점진행대비분석,위광견병방제제공과학의거.방법 수집광견병역정자료,근거발병수장광견병역정분위상승(1996-2007년)화하강(2008-2014년)량개계단,분별대역정보고、지리분포、인군화계절분포정황진행대비분석.결과 1996-2014년중국광견병보고병례공29 656례,년균1561례,발병솔위0.1198/10만.1996-2007년,보고병례수위17 459례,년보고성(구、시)수20 ～ 24개;2008-2014년,보고병례수위12 197례,년보고성(구、시)수23 ～ 28개.여역정상승계단상비,재역정하강계단,원고발성(구、시)주변이급위우북부적14개성(구、시)발병수불강반승;남성병례구성유68.71％상승도70.54％(P =0.001);45 ～74세병례구성유42.56％상승도52.60％ (P =0.000);농민병례구성유62.42％상승도69.76％(P =0.000);동춘계절병례구성유38.27％상승도42.34％(P=0.004).결론 응중시견간광견병적방공공작,가강농촌지구중노년인군광견병방치지식적선전교육,중시동춘계절광견병적방공.
Objective To provide a scientific basis for rabies control and prevention,the epidemic distribution data of 1996-2007 and 2008-2014 were analyzed contrastively.Methods The epidemic surveillance data were collected,the rising (1996-2007) and declining (2008-2014) of the epidemics were divided according to human rabies case number reported in China.The epidemic reporting,region distribution,geographical distribution,population and seasonal distribution were analyzed contrastively.Results From 1996 to 2014,29 656 human rabies cases were reported in China,average 1 561 cases each year,with a morbidity of 0.1198 per hundred thousand.From 1996 to 2007,total 17 459 cases were reported,20 to 24 provinces reporting rabies annually;2008-2014,total 12 197 cases were reported,23 to 28 provinces reporting rabies annually.Compared to the rising period of the epidemic,during the declining period,the regions surrounding the previous high-epidemic provinces and 14 north provinces had a rising incidence;the constitute of male case rose from 68.71％ to 70.54％ (P =0.001);the cases of 45 to 74 years old were 52.60％ instead of 42.56％ (P =0.000);the farmer cases increased to 69.76％ compared to 62.42％ (P =0.000);the cases from winter and spring rose to 42.34％ from 38.27％ (P =0.004).Conclusion It' s very important to strengthen dog rabies prevention and control in China,strengthen rabies knowledge education among the elderly population in rural areas,and never lose attention to rabies prevention and control in winter and spring.