CAJ | 학술논문

目的探讨中国西南地区大型综合性医院门诊及住院患者HIV感染的情况,为临床应对HIV感染提供科学依据.方法 2008年至2013年,采用梅里埃酶联免疫吸附法第三代抗体检测试剂或罗氏电化学发光第四代抗原抗体检测试剂为644 208例就诊患者行HIV抗体初筛,采用原检测试剂和丽珠酶联免疫吸附法抗体检测试剂行复检,阳性反应标本送往四川省疾病预防控制中心或四川大学华西医院HIV确证实验室采用免疫印迹法进行确证.结果在检测的644208份标本中共1917例(0.30％)确证为HIV-1抗体阳性,其中599例(0.75％)来自门诊,住院患者1318例(0.23％),主要依次分布于门诊、感染中心、皮肤科、呼吸科、中西医科;男性1534例,女性383例,年龄分布主要集中于青壮年(1383例);以异性传播为主要传播方式(1228例),同性传播所占比例呈递增趋势.结论 HIV感染率呈逐年递增的趋势,异性传播为主要途径同性传播逐渐增多,医务人员应加强自我保护意识,减少职业暴露,避免医疗纠纷,加强全民普及HIV相关知识.
목적 탐토중국서남지구대형종합성의원문진급주원환자HIV감염적정황,위림상응대HIV감염제공과학의거.방법 2008년지2013년,채용매리애매련면역흡부법제삼대항체검측시제혹라씨전화학발광제사대항원항체검측시제위644 208례취진환자행HIV항체초사,채용원검측시제화려주매련면역흡부법항체검측시제행복검,양성반응표본송왕사천성질병예방공제중심혹사천대학화서의원HIV학증실험실채용면역인적법진행학증.결과 재검측적644208빈표본중공1917례(0.30％)학증위HIV-1항체양성,기중599례(0.75％)래자문진,주원환자1318례(0.23％),주요의차분포우문진、감염중심、피부과、호흡과、중서의과;남성1534례,녀성383례,년령분포주요집중우청장년(1383례);이이성전파위주요전파방식(1228례),동성전파소점비례정체증추세.결론 HIV감염솔정축년체증적추세,이성전파위주요도경동성전파축점증다,의무인원응가강자아보호의식,감소직업폭로,피면의료규분,가강전민보급HIV상관지식.
Objective To provide the scientific basis prevention of HIV infection in clinic,we studied the infection status and tendency of HIV among outpatients and inpatients in a large teaching hospital of southwest China.Methods From 2008 to 2013,the third generation Merieux enzyme-linked immunosorbent method of antibody or the fourth generation Roche electrochemiluminescence immunoassay were adopted in 644208 clinic patients for HIV antibody screening.The original detection method and Livzon enzyme-linked immunosorbent method of antibody were used for re-detection,and the positive specimens were sent to the local Center for Disease Control and Prevention or West China Hospital HIV confirmation laboratory for confirmation using western blot assay.Results A total of 1917 patients (0.30％) were confirmed as HIV-1 antibodies positive,of which,599 cases were outpatients (0.75％),1318 cases were inpatients (0.23％).These patients were mainly distributed in the department of outpatient service,department of infection center,department of dermatology,department of pneumology,department of integrated Chinese and western medicine.1917 including 1534 male cases and 383 female cases,most of HIV positive patients were distributed in young adults (1383 cases).Patients living with HIV were mainly infected through heterosexual transmitted route (1228 cases),an increasing trend of proportion of Homosexual transmission was noticed.Conclusion Rate of HIV infection was increasing year by year.Heterosexual transmission is the main way to spread and homosexual transmission gradually increased.Medical staff should enhance consciousness of self-protection,reduce hospital-acquired infection due to occupational exposure,avoid occurrence of medical dispute.National health education on HIV knowledge should be popularized.