华北农学报
華北農學報
화북농학보
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica
2015年
4期
231-238
,共8页
焦瑞枣%任少勇%王姣%魏翠果%蒙美莲%陈有君
焦瑞棘%任少勇%王姣%魏翠果%矇美蓮%陳有君
초서조%임소용%왕교%위취과%몽미련%진유군
炭基肥%马铃薯%容重%孔隙度%土壤养分
炭基肥%馬鈴藷%容重%孔隙度%土壤養分
탄기비%마령서%용중%공극도%토양양분
Carbon based fertilizer%Potato%Soil bulk density%Soil porosity%Soil nutrient
为明确炭基肥在马铃薯生产上的应用效果，以克新1号品种为材料，采用随机区组设计，研究了大田条件下0（CK），300（M1），600（M2），900（M3），1200（M4）kg ／hm2炭基肥及等量 N、P、K 化肥（H1、H2、H3、H4）对马铃薯田0～40 cm 土层土壤容重、孔隙度和养分的影响。结果表明，随着土壤深度的增加，土壤容重逐渐增大，土壤孔隙度逐渐降低，养分含量降低；各施肥处理均有利于改善土壤结构和养分含量，与 CK 相比，随着施肥量的增加各层土壤容重降低，总孔隙度、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量增加。等量氮磷钾条件下，施炭基肥的土壤容重的降低幅度和孔隙度增加幅度明显高于化肥处理；施炭基肥处理的养分含量随生育期的推进呈低—高—低的变化，而施化肥处理却逐渐降低，苗期施化肥处理的土壤养分含量高于施炭基肥的处理，块茎增长期和成熟收获期则是施炭基肥处理的土壤养分含量均高于施化肥的处理。在该试验条件下，炭基肥施用量为1200 kg ／hm2时马铃薯田土壤理化性质最优，可作为阴山北麓地区马铃薯种植的推荐施肥量。
為明確炭基肥在馬鈴藷生產上的應用效果，以剋新1號品種為材料，採用隨機區組設計，研究瞭大田條件下0（CK），300（M1），600（M2），900（M3），1200（M4）kg ／hm2炭基肥及等量 N、P、K 化肥（H1、H2、H3、H4）對馬鈴藷田0～40 cm 土層土壤容重、孔隙度和養分的影響。結果錶明，隨著土壤深度的增加，土壤容重逐漸增大，土壤孔隙度逐漸降低，養分含量降低；各施肥處理均有利于改善土壤結構和養分含量，與 CK 相比，隨著施肥量的增加各層土壤容重降低，總孔隙度、有機質、堿解氮、有效燐和速效鉀的含量增加。等量氮燐鉀條件下，施炭基肥的土壤容重的降低幅度和孔隙度增加幅度明顯高于化肥處理；施炭基肥處理的養分含量隨生育期的推進呈低—高—低的變化，而施化肥處理卻逐漸降低，苗期施化肥處理的土壤養分含量高于施炭基肥的處理，塊莖增長期和成熟收穫期則是施炭基肥處理的土壤養分含量均高于施化肥的處理。在該試驗條件下，炭基肥施用量為1200 kg ／hm2時馬鈴藷田土壤理化性質最優，可作為陰山北麓地區馬鈴藷種植的推薦施肥量。
위명학탄기비재마령서생산상적응용효과，이극신1호품충위재료，채용수궤구조설계，연구료대전조건하0（CK），300（M1），600（M2），900（M3），1200（M4）kg ／hm2탄기비급등량 N、P、K 화비（H1、H2、H3、H4）대마령서전0～40 cm 토층토양용중、공극도화양분적영향。결과표명，수착토양심도적증가，토양용중축점증대，토양공극도축점강저，양분함량강저；각시비처리균유리우개선토양결구화양분함량，여 CK 상비，수착시비량적증가각층토양용중강저，총공극도、유궤질、감해담、유효린화속효갑적함량증가。등량담린갑조건하，시탄기비적토양용중적강저폭도화공극도증가폭도명현고우화비처리；시탄기비처리적양분함량수생육기적추진정저—고—저적변화，이시화비처리각축점강저，묘기시화비처리적토양양분함량고우시탄기비적처리，괴경증장기화성숙수획기칙시시탄기비처리적토양양분함량균고우시화비적처리。재해시험조건하，탄기비시용량위1200 kg ／hm2시마령서전토양이화성질최우，가작위음산북록지구마령서충식적추천시비량。
In order to understand application effect of carbon based fertilizer in potato production,random block design was adopted to study the effects of the carbon based fertilizer on soil bulk density and porosity and nutrient of Kexin 1 by applying 0,300,600,900,1 200 kg /ha of this fertilizer and the same amount of N,P,K fertilizer.The results showed that:With the increment of soil depth,soil bulk density increased,soil porosity and the contents of soil nutrient gradually decreased.With the increment of fertilizer,soil bulk density decreased,soil porosity and nutri-ent increased than that of CK.At the same amount of N,P,K,reduce the rate of soil bulk density and increase the rate of soil porosity of treatments with carbon based fertilizer were obviously higher than chemical fertilizer.Treat-ments with carbon based fertilizer showed a trend of lower-high-lower,but treatments with chemical fertilizer de-creased.Soil nutrients of the treatments with chemical fertilizer were higher than that of treatments with carbon based fertilizer of the same amount of N,P,K in seedling stage of potato.Soil nutrients of the treatments with carbon based fertilizer were higher than that of treatments with chemical fertilizer of the same amount of N,P,K at the in-flated period of tuber and harvest time.In the experiment,the soil physicochemical properties of potato of 1 200 kg /ha treatment were better,and it was the suitable match for Wuchuan areas in Inner Mongolia.
