CAJ | 학술논문

在不同的施肥模式下，探讨有机无机配合施用对设施黄瓜产量、氮素吸收、硝态氮在土壤中的累积和淋溶的影响，明确在设施条件下黄瓜种植过程中有机肥和氮肥的最佳配施量。通过田间小区试验，结合原位土渗漏装置，进行植株、土壤和渗漏水的采集和测定进行研究。结果表明，采用有机无机肥料配合施用，黄瓜产量平均增加12．1％，增收7．1％，其中施用低量氮肥处理（OM＋N 1 PK）的增产和增收效果更佳；采用有机无机配合施肥处理可显著增加果实中氮的累积量，单纯增加氮肥的施用只会增加植株中氮的累积量，果实中未见增加；有机无机肥料配合施用能显著降低灌溉水和硝态氮的渗漏量，在氮肥用量相同的条件下，分别可降低14．2％和26．6％；施氮量较高的处理（OM＋N 2 PK），硝态氮在各土层出现了明显的累积。因此，有机无机肥料配合施用应适当减少化学氮肥的用量，在本试验条件下采用 OM＋N 1 PK 施肥模式为最佳。
재불동적시비모식하，탐토유궤무궤배합시용대설시황과산량、담소흡수、초태담재토양중적루적화림용적영향，명학재설시조건하황과충식과정중유궤비화담비적최가배시량。통과전간소구시험，결합원위토삼루장치，진행식주、토양화삼루수적채집화측정진행연구。결과표명，채용유궤무궤비료배합시용，황과산량평균증가12．1％，증수7．1％，기중시용저량담비처리（OM＋N 1 PK）적증산화증수효과경가；채용유궤무궤배합시비처리가현저증가과실중담적루적량，단순증가담비적시용지회증가식주중담적루적량，과실중미견증가；유궤무궤비료배합시용능현저강저관개수화초태담적삼루량，재담비용량상동적조건하，분별가강저14．2％화26．6％；시담량교고적처리（OM＋N 2 PK），초태담재각토층출현료명현적루적。인차，유궤무궤비료배합시용응괄당감소화학담비적용량，재본시험조건하채용 OM＋N 1 PK 시비모식위최가。
In this paper,influence of different fertilization mode on yield of cucumber and nitrogen accumula-tion and leaching of soil nitrate was systematically studied to explicit the optimum combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers under greenhouse condition.Based on a lysimeter experiment with undisturbed soil layers,plants,soil and leakage water were collected and detected.The results showed that compared with the chemi-cal fertilizer application pattern,the yield and economic benefits increased by 1 2.1 % and 7.1 % under the com-bined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers,with the highest yield and income for the combines ap-plication pattern of N 1 PK in chemical fertilizer and organic manure.At the same time,the combined application pat-terns of organic manure and chemical fertilizers significantly increased nitrogen accumulation,the increase of nitro-gen fertilizer would only increase the accumulation of nitrogen in plant,no increase in fruit;The combined applica-tion patterns of organic manure and chemical fertilizers could significantly reduce the amount of leakage of irrigation water and nitrate nitrogen,the amount of leakage of irrigation water and the NO -3 -N leakage rates in the leakage wa-ter significantly decreased by 1 4.2% and 26.6% under the same chemical nitrogen application;Treatment of nitro-gen application amount higher (OM +N 2 PK),the soil nitrate nitrogen appeared obvious accumulation.Thus,the combined application patterns of organic manure and chemical fertilizers could increase the yield and income,but also should be applied properly to reduce the chemical N fertilizer application;the pattern of combined application of N 1 PK in chemical fertilizer and organic manure under this experimental condition was the best.