CAJ | 학술논문

海洋贝类种类繁多，是近海底栖生态系统的优势种，在生态系统物质循环和能量流动中起着极其重要的作用；但因频繁的人类活动导致的贝类入侵问题，往往使该过程不能正常运转。大量研究表明，入侵贝类会抑制原著贝类或其他生物的生长及拓殖，形成单一优势群落，破坏当地生态系统的平衡，也会对海洋渔业生产和近海工程及作业等造成不可预测的危害。目前，欧美等国家针对该问题已开展了大量工作，十分重视入侵贝类的生物学、生态学与行为学特征及特性的研究，并根据其入侵途径与方式的不同开展了检测、监测、防控及管理工作。但在我国，入侵贝类还未引起相关部门及研究机构的足够重视。本文主要简述了我国近海的3种入侵贝类沙筛贝、指甲履螺和地中海贻贝的生物学、生态学及行为学等特征及其对当地生态系统的影响；同时，根据其特性及入侵过程控制的难易，建议在完善我国入侵贝类数据库的基础上加强早期预警与检测，以及安全防控和管理等工作。
해양패류충류번다，시근해저서생태계통적우세충，재생태계통물질순배화능량류동중기착겁기중요적작용；단인빈번적인류활동도치적패류입침문제，왕왕사해과정불능정상운전。대량연구표명，입침패류회억제원저패류혹기타생물적생장급탁식，형성단일우세군락，파배당지생태계통적평형，야회대해양어업생산화근해공정급작업등조성불가예측적위해。목전，구미등국가침대해문제이개전료대량공작，십분중시입침패류적생물학、생태학여행위학특정급특성적연구，병근거기입침도경여방식적불동개전료검측、감측、방공급관리공작。단재아국，입침패류환미인기상관부문급연구궤구적족구중시。본문주요간술료아국근해적3충입침패류사사패、지갑리라화지중해이패적생물학、생태학급행위학등특정급기대당지생태계통적영향；동시，근거기특성급입침과정공제적난역，건의재완선아국입침패류수거고적기출상가강조기예경여검측，이급안전방공화관리등공작。
As one of the most diverse and abundant taxonomic groups, shellfish plays important roles in energy flow and nutrient cy-cling in marine ecosystems. However, this process has been badly hampered by invasive shellfish. Invasive shellfish become the dominant species after their establishment, threaten native species and inhibit the growth of other species, erode fishing facilities and artificial structures, leading to ecosystem damage, economic loss and inconvenience to locals. The study of biological invasions by shellfish has received intensive attentions in the marine environment in many developed countries, and researches mainly focused on studying inherent traits of species, invasion pathway, developing technology for early warning and controlling, and improving ability to generate invasion theory and manage invasive species. However, the study of the shellfish invasions has not been well received e-nough attention in China as well as other aquatic invasion species. This review aims to summarize the main invasive shellfish ( inclu-ding Mytilopsis sallei, Crepidula onyx, and Mytilus galloprovincialis) of Chinese coasts and discuss their damage to local ecosystems based on their special traits or behavior. At the same time, according to the characteristics and the control of the invasion process, it was suggested that we should strengthen the early warning and detection, and the prevention and management.