CAJ | 학술논문

【背景】近年来，全球气候条件不断变化，其对农田生态系统和病虫草害发生的影响较大。【方法】于2009~2013年在河南安阳田间小区系统调查了转基因棉田和非转基因棉田主要害虫种群丰度，结合5年间本地气象因素，分段分析了影响棉田主要害虫发生的关键气象因子及其关键影响时期。【结果】不同害虫发生危害的关键气象因子及其关键影响时期不同，且不同害虫种群丰度与气象因子及其影响时期有不同的相关性。影响棉蚜的关键性气象因子是1~8月的平均气温，与相对湿度和降雨量相关性较低；影响棉叶蝉的关键气象因子是1~4月的降雨量，其次是1~8月的相对湿度，而平均气温与其相关性很低；5~8月降雨量对烟粉虱有一定的抑制作用，平均气温和相对湿度对其无显著影响；影响棉蓟马的关键气象因子是平均气温，其次是5~8月相对湿度，降雨量与棉蓟马丰度相关性较低；平均气温、相对湿度和降雨量与盲蝽种群丰度的相关性很低，其发生危害可能是多种气象因子协同作用的结果。【结论与意义】本研究结果可为气候变化条件下棉田主要害虫的预测预报和防御提供理论依据。
【배경】근년래，전구기후조건불단변화，기대농전생태계통화병충초해발생적영향교대。【방법】우2009~2013년재하남안양전간소구계통조사료전기인면전화비전기인면전주요해충충군봉도，결합5년간본지기상인소，분단분석료영향면전주요해충발생적관건기상인자급기관건영향시기。【결과】불동해충발생위해적관건기상인자급기관건영향시기불동，차불동해충충군봉도여기상인자급기영향시기유불동적상관성。영향면아적관건성기상인자시1~8월적평균기온，여상대습도화강우량상관성교저；영향면협선적관건기상인자시1~4월적강우량，기차시1~8월적상대습도，이평균기온여기상관성흔저；5~8월강우량대연분슬유일정적억제작용，평균기온화상대습도대기무현저영향；영향면계마적관건기상인자시평균기온，기차시5~8월상대습도，강우량여면계마봉도상관성교저；평균기온、상대습도화강우량여맹춘충군봉도적상관성흔저，기발생위해가능시다충기상인자협동작용적결과。【결론여의의】본연구결과가위기후변화조건하면전주요해충적예측예보화방어제공이론의거。
Background]In recent years, global climate change continually, and it has a great influence on the farmland ecosystem and insect pests. [Method]How climate factors ( average temperature, relative humidity and rainfall) in January to August from 2009 to 2013 affect population densities of non-target pest species in the two kinds cotton fields were systematically determined in field plot at Anyang, Henan Province. [Result]For the cotton aphid ( Aphis gossypii) , the average populatin density was correlated with temperature from January to August but not relevance with relative humidity and total rainfall. For the cotton leafhopper ( Em-poasca biguttula) , the population density positively correlated with the rainfall from January to April, and negatively correlated with relative humidity from January to August. For the cotton whitefly ( Bemisia tabaci) , population density was negatively correlated with rainfall from May to August. The average temperature May to August, whereas relative humidity from May to August negatively af-fected Thrips tabaci population density. Mirids in the cotton fields are probably affected by a combination of climate factors.[Conclu-sion and significance]Non-target pests in the conventional and Bt cotton fields responded similarly to these climate factors. These re-sults can provide a theoretical basis for forecasting population dynamics of pests, playing a very important guiding role in the preven-tion and treatment of cotton pests.