CAJ | 학술논문

【背景】蚧虫是半翅目胸喙亚目蚧总科下的一类昆虫的总称。蚧虫个体小、食性广,极易随货物扩散传播。【方法】分别从疫情概况、截获种类、产地、截获载体、截获年份等方面对10年来我国各口岸截获蚧虫的信息数据进行了比对和统计,并对之前容易被忽视的非检疫性蚧虫疫情进行了统计和分析。【结果】2005年以来,我国从进口植物和植物产品中截获蚧虫共计171978批次,其中,检疫性蚧虫12种共7071批次；南洋臀纹粉蚧截获量最大,达2848批次,大洋臀纹粉蚧次之,为2442批次,第3是新菠萝灰粉蚧,为1714批次。东南亚是蚧虫的主要来源地,截获量居前3位的蚧类几乎都来自该地区；水果是截获蚧虫的主要载体,占所有植物及植物产品总截获量的99.0%；总体来看,蚧虫截获量从2006年开始逐年下降,到2010年后又呈暴发性上升趋势。比较3种截获量较大的蚧虫发现,2005~2008年,截获主要以南洋臀纹粉蚧为主；自2009年起,大洋臀纹粉蚧截获量逐年上升,成为截获量最多的蚧虫；2011年以来,新菠萝灰粉蚧截获量激增。2005年至今,我国口岸共截获其他非检疫性蚧类68797批次,鉴定到种的有46个属105种共68712批次,其中,在我国内陆地区尚未报道的有23个种,入侵风险高,需要引起重视。【结论与意义】了解我国口岸蚧类害虫截获情况,有利于针对性地开展疫情检疫与监测,有效防范蚧类害虫的传入与扩散。
【배경】개충시반시목흉훼아목개총과하적일류곤충적총칭。개충개체소、식성엄,겁역수화물확산전파。【방법】분별종역정개황、절획충류、산지、절획재체、절획년빈등방면대10년래아국각구안절획개충적신식수거진행료비대화통계,병대지전용역피홀시적비검역성개충역정진행료통계화분석。【결과】2005년이래,아국종진구식물화식물산품중절획개충공계171978비차,기중,검역성개충12충공7071비차；남양둔문분개절획량최대,체2848비차,대양둔문분개차지,위2442비차,제3시신파라회분개,위1714비차。동남아시개충적주요래원지,절획량거전3위적개류궤호도래자해지구；수과시절획개충적주요재체,점소유식물급식물산품총절획량적99.0%；총체래간,개충절획량종2006년개시축년하강,도2010년후우정폭발성상승추세。비교3충절획량교대적개충발현,2005~2008년,절획주요이남양둔문분개위주；자2009년기,대양둔문분개절획량축년상승,성위절획량최다적개충；2011년이래,신파라회분개절획량격증。2005년지금,아국구안공절획기타비검역성개류68797비차,감정도충적유46개속105충공68712비차,기중,재아국내륙지구상미보도적유23개충,입침풍험고,수요인기중시。【결론여의의】료해아국구안개류해충절획정황,유리우침대성지개전역정검역여감측,유효방범개류해충적전입여확산。
Background]Scales are a group of insects belonging to Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea. They are small and po-lyphagous pests, easily transferred with plant products. It is possible to use data from the China Inspection and Quarantine ( CIQ) to determine entre points and rate of spread of high risk species. [Method]In this paper, we analyzed the information of scales inter-cepted by CIQ from 2005 to 2014 including scale category, country of origin, product category, and entry date. We also analyzed the scales excluded from the quarantine list. [Result]The results showed that 171978 batches of scales were inspected on imported plants and plant products during this period, including 7071 batches that were quarantined pests from 12 species. Planococcus lilaci-nus, Planococcus minor, and Dysmicoccus neobrevipes were the top 3 pests with 2848 batches, 2442 batches, and 1714 batches in-tercepted, respectively. Asian countries, especially Southeast Asia, were the main countries of origin and where the main three spe-cies came from. Fruits are the main carrier of scales, accounting for 99.0% of the total amount of scales. There was a gradual de-crease from 2006 to 2010, followed by a huge increase in 2011. P. lilacinus was the main pest from 2005 to 2008, and then P. minor became dominant. D. neobrevipes became the most important pest in 2011. There were 68797 batches scale pests not included in the quarantine list of China since 2005, among them 68712 batches were identified as belonging to 105 species and 46 genera. There were 23 species unreported in mainland China with high risk to invade. [Conclusion and significance]The analysis of the intercepted data from CIQ helped better understand pest dynamics and improve targeted quarantine and monitoring. At the same time, it can help the research institute to understand the needs of port application and cooperation, to prevent the invasion of exotic pests.