CAJ | 학술논문

缩尺模型试验中模型与原型的相似度直接关系到试验结果反映原型的准确性，而相似条件中相似荷载的确定往往是缩尺模型试验设计中的难点。针对缩尺结构模型的相似荷载优化设计方法进行了研究，通过提出相似误差的概念，以量化相似荷载与理想缩尺荷载的误差，在模型试验中常用的有限多点集中力加载方式的基础上，以表征量的相似误差函数为优化的目标函数，提出了相似荷载优化设计的基本思路和流程，推导了简支梁和连续梁的最优相似荷载设计的解析解，并在基本思路的基础上，对优化设计中可能出现的多维度难点问题进行讨论，且均提出了初步的解决方法，最后进一步根据空间杆系有限元方法，对空间曲线连续梁桥恒载的相似荷载进行了优化设计。
축척모형시험중모형여원형적상사도직접관계도시험결과반영원형적준학성，이상사조건중상사하재적학정왕왕시축척모형시험설계중적난점。침대축척결구모형적상사하재우화설계방법진행료연구，통과제출상사오차적개념，이양화상사하재여이상축척하재적오차，재모형시험중상용적유한다점집중력가재방식적기출상，이표정량적상사오차함수위우화적목표함수，제출료상사하재우화설계적기본사로화류정，추도료간지량화련속량적최우상사하재설계적해석해，병재기본사로적기출상，대우화설계중가능출현적다유도난점문제진행토론，차균제출료초보적해결방법，최후진일보근거공간간계유한원방법，대공간곡선련속량교항재적상사하재진행료우화설계。
The similarities between the reduced scale structural model and the proto type in experiments relate directly to the accuracy of the experiment results,and the determination of similar loads is always a difficulty in the similarity conditions.This article focuses on the optimization design method of similar loads on reduced scale structural models,and proposes the concept of similar errors to quantify the errors between the similar loads and the ideal reduced scale loads.Based on the limited multi-point centralized loading method commonly used in model experiments to express the similar errors of characteristic quantities as an optimized objective function,this article presents the basic idea and the work flow of the optimization design for similar loads.The analytical solutions of the optimal similar load designs for simple supported beams and continuous beams are put forward.On the basis of the basic idea,some multi-dimensional difficulties during the optimization design are discussed with the preliminary solutions given.Finally,according to the space finite element method,an optimal design on the similar dead loads of curved continuous beam is given.