草业学报
草業學報
초업학보
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
2015年
9期
1-9
,共9页
周传猛%陈垣%郭凤霞%杨慧珍%张学君
週傳猛%陳垣%郭鳳霞%楊慧珍%張學君
주전맹%진원%곽봉하%양혜진%장학군
宕昌县%野生湿生扁蕾%中药资源%分布%药材蕴藏量
宕昌縣%野生濕生扁蕾%中藥資源%分佈%藥材蘊藏量
탕창현%야생습생편뢰%중약자원%분포%약재온장량
Tanchang County%wild Gentianopsis paludosa%chinese medicinal resources%distribution%medici-nal material reserves
依据全国第四次中药资源普查技术方案，通过套样方踏查和调查相结合的方法，对甘肃宕昌县野生湿生扁蕾资源全面调查，旨在揭示其资源现状及蕴藏量，为其动态监测及开发利用提供科学依据。结果表明，在该县7个生态区，53个样地，265个套方，1060个样方中，发现分布有野生湿生扁蕾居群的生态区有3个，占调查总生态区的42．86％；样地有3个，占调查总样地的5．66％；套方有11个，占调查总套方的4．15％；样方有26个，占调查总样方的2．45％。分布面积约1．27 km2，药材蕴藏量3474．36 kg，经济量2605．77 kg，年允收量912．02 kg。植株性状Shannon－Weaver 多样性指数2．11～2．86，农艺性状差异大，10个性状变异系数变幅23．08％～61．83％，侧根数变异最大，叶对数变异最小，单株鲜重和干重、花朵数、基部节间长等性状变异程度也均高于平均值。在海拔2234～2699 m 范围内，随海拔升高，株高、茎粗、花朵数、单株重均呈增大趋势。湿生扁蕾受威胁及优先保护综合评价级别系数为0．60，受威胁级别为二级，保护等级为 II 级。以上说明宕昌县域内野生湿生扁蕾种质资源表型多样性丰富，但资源分布稀少，分布区域狭窄，需采取措施加以保护利用。
依據全國第四次中藥資源普查技術方案，通過套樣方踏查和調查相結閤的方法，對甘肅宕昌縣野生濕生扁蕾資源全麵調查，旨在揭示其資源現狀及蘊藏量，為其動態鑑測及開髮利用提供科學依據。結果錶明，在該縣7箇生態區，53箇樣地，265箇套方，1060箇樣方中，髮現分佈有野生濕生扁蕾居群的生態區有3箇，佔調查總生態區的42．86％；樣地有3箇，佔調查總樣地的5．66％；套方有11箇，佔調查總套方的4．15％；樣方有26箇，佔調查總樣方的2．45％。分佈麵積約1．27 km2，藥材蘊藏量3474．36 kg，經濟量2605．77 kg，年允收量912．02 kg。植株性狀Shannon－Weaver 多樣性指數2．11～2．86，農藝性狀差異大，10箇性狀變異繫數變幅23．08％～61．83％，側根數變異最大，葉對數變異最小，單株鮮重和榦重、花朵數、基部節間長等性狀變異程度也均高于平均值。在海拔2234～2699 m 範圍內，隨海拔升高，株高、莖粗、花朵數、單株重均呈增大趨勢。濕生扁蕾受威脅及優先保護綜閤評價級彆繫數為0．60，受威脅級彆為二級，保護等級為 II 級。以上說明宕昌縣域內野生濕生扁蕾種質資源錶型多樣性豐富，但資源分佈稀少，分佈區域狹窄，需採取措施加以保護利用。
의거전국제사차중약자원보사기술방안，통과투양방답사화조사상결합적방법，대감숙탕창현야생습생편뢰자원전면조사，지재게시기자원현상급온장량，위기동태감측급개발이용제공과학의거。결과표명，재해현7개생태구，53개양지，265개투방，1060개양방중，발현분포유야생습생편뢰거군적생태구유3개，점조사총생태구적42．86％；양지유3개，점조사총양지적5．66％；투방유11개，점조사총투방적4．15％；양방유26개，점조사총양방적2．45％。분포면적약1．27 km2，약재온장량3474．36 kg，경제량2605．77 kg，년윤수량912．02 kg。식주성상Shannon－Weaver 다양성지수2．11～2．86，농예성상차이대，10개성상변이계수변폭23．08％～61．83％，측근수변이최대，협대수변이최소，단주선중화간중、화타수、기부절간장등성상변이정도야균고우평균치。재해발2234～2699 m 범위내，수해발승고，주고、경조、화타수、단주중균정증대추세。습생편뢰수위협급우선보호종합평개급별계수위0．60，수위협급별위이급，보호등급위 II 급。이상설명탕창현역내야생습생편뢰충질자원표형다양성봉부，단자원분포희소，분포구역협착，수채취조시가이보호이용。
The wild Gentianopsis paludosa resources in Tanchang County were comprehensive surveyed in order to further explore the distribution and abundance of this species.Survey and sampling techniques followed those published in the Nationwide Chinese Medicine Survey technical notes.1060 small sample plots and 265 permanent sample plots at 53 sample sites representing seven ecological zones were collected.Wild G.paludo-sa was found in eleven permanent sample plots and twenty six small sample plots representing three ecological zones and three sampling sites.Plants were distributed over an area of 1.27 ka containing 3474.36 kg of medicinal material,2605.77 kg of economically valuable material and 912.02 kg of permitted annual harvest. The Shannon- Weaver diversity index of quantitative characteristics ranged from 2.11 to 2.86 resulting in 23.08%-61.83% of the variation coefficient for ten agronomic traits;lateral root numbers had the greatest and leaf numbers the least influence.Increasing altitude (2234 to 2699 m)resulted in greater flower numbers, stem diameter,plant height,fresh weight and dry weight per plant.It is concluded that wild G.paludosa has high genetic diversity but is not widely distributed suggesting that measures should be taken to protect this val-uable resource.
