CAJ | 학술논문

平等是衡量公平、公正和正义的基本尺度。右翼自由主义的平等观止步于形式上的权利平等，左翼自由主义和马克思主义则进一步主张实质性的资源平等与能力平等。权利平等致力于消除社会特权背景对于平等实现的障碍，资源平等致力于消除外界物质条件对于平等实现的障碍，能力平等致力于消除人的主观能力条件对于平等实现的障碍。权利平等、资源平等与能力平等的要求均源于社会共有的逻辑。法定权利、物质资源、能力禀赋在根本上属于人类社会的集体资产。利用权力、资源与能力创造财富的人可以获得收益的较大部分，其他人则因为对权利、资源与能力的共同所有权而分享部分收益。对个人使用权、收益权的肯定支持了按贡献分配的市场效率原则，对个人终极所有权的否定则为社会财富的再分配提供了正当的理论依据。
평등시형량공평、공정화정의적기본척도。우익자유주의적평등관지보우형식상적권리평등，좌익자유주의화마극사주의칙진일보주장실질성적자원평등여능력평등。권리평등치력우소제사회특권배경대우평등실현적장애，자원평등치력우소제외계물질조건대우평등실현적장애，능력평등치력우소제인적주관능력조건대우평등실현적장애。권리평등、자원평등여능력평등적요구균원우사회공유적라집。법정권리、물질자원、능력품부재근본상속우인류사회적집체자산。이용권력、자원여능력창조재부적인가이획득수익적교대부분，기타인칙인위대권리、자원여능력적공동소유권이분향부분수익。대개인사용권、수익권적긍정지지료안공헌분배적시장효솔원칙，대개인종겁소유권적부정칙위사회재부적재분배제공료정당적이론의거。
Equality is the basic measure to fairness, impartiality and justice.Right-wing of liberalists hold equality of rights as all what equality means, while Marxists, besides some left-wing of liberalists, put forward equality of resources and equality of capa-bilities.Equality of rights is committed to eliminate social privileges, equality of resources is committed to narrow the wealth gap, and equality of capabilities is committed to narrow the capability gap between humans.Equality is derived from public ownership.Rights, resources and capabilities belong to the whole society basically and no one can declare his or her ownership exclusively .The one who make use of rights, resources and capabilities could occupy the main portion of the wealth he or she creates, which ensures production efficiency.Others may share the wealth because of the public ownership, which gives theoretical foundation to redistribution.