国际眼科杂志
國際眼科雜誌
국제안과잡지
International Eye Science
2015年
10期
1741-1744
,共4页
早产儿视网膜病变%光感受器细胞%视网膜电流图%暗适应阈值%视网膜机制
早產兒視網膜病變%光感受器細胞%視網膜電流圖%暗適應閾值%視網膜機製
조산인시망막병변%광감수기세포%시망막전류도%암괄응역치%시망막궤제
retinopathy of prematurity%photoreceptor cells%electroretinogram%dark adaptation threshold%retinal mechanism
早产儿视网膜病变( retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)被视为引起视觉受损的重要疾病之一,它的主要临床特点是视网膜周边血管异常,包括大片无血管灌注区及异常新生血管形成。大量研究证明ROP会影响视网膜光感受器细胞的分化和成熟,且对视杆细胞影响较视锥细胞显著,后期还大多引起屈光不正、斜视、弱视等一系列的视功能异常表现,具体机制尚不明确。经治疗后即使视网膜本身血管增殖病变消失,但ROP光感受器细胞的异常发育及由此导致的视功能障碍会持续存在。目前临床上对视网膜功能的最佳评估手段主要是视觉电生理,尤其是闪光视网膜电流图( f-ERG)可反映神经节细胞以前整个视网膜的功能状态,对评估视网膜的感光细胞功能具有独特的意义。本文主要针对ROP对神经视网膜发育(主要是光感受器细胞)的影响及其相关机制、ROP后期视功能改变及相关机制进行综述,从而指导我们寻求更佳的治疗方法。
早產兒視網膜病變( retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)被視為引起視覺受損的重要疾病之一,它的主要臨床特點是視網膜週邊血管異常,包括大片無血管灌註區及異常新生血管形成。大量研究證明ROP會影響視網膜光感受器細胞的分化和成熟,且對視桿細胞影響較視錐細胞顯著,後期還大多引起屈光不正、斜視、弱視等一繫列的視功能異常錶現,具體機製尚不明確。經治療後即使視網膜本身血管增殖病變消失,但ROP光感受器細胞的異常髮育及由此導緻的視功能障礙會持續存在。目前臨床上對視網膜功能的最佳評估手段主要是視覺電生理,尤其是閃光視網膜電流圖( f-ERG)可反映神經節細胞以前整箇視網膜的功能狀態,對評估視網膜的感光細胞功能具有獨特的意義。本文主要針對ROP對神經視網膜髮育(主要是光感受器細胞)的影響及其相關機製、ROP後期視功能改變及相關機製進行綜述,從而指導我們尋求更佳的治療方法。
조산인시망막병변( retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)피시위인기시각수손적중요질병지일,타적주요림상특점시시망막주변혈관이상,포괄대편무혈관관주구급이상신생혈관형성。대량연구증명ROP회영향시망막광감수기세포적분화화성숙,차대시간세포영향교시추세포현저,후기환대다인기굴광불정、사시、약시등일계렬적시공능이상표현,구체궤제상불명학。경치료후즉사시망막본신혈관증식병변소실,단ROP광감수기세포적이상발육급유차도치적시공능장애회지속존재。목전림상상대시망막공능적최가평고수단주요시시각전생리,우기시섬광시망막전류도( f-ERG)가반영신경절세포이전정개시망막적공능상태,대평고시망막적감광세포공능구유독특적의의。본문주요침대ROP대신경시망막발육(주요시광감수기세포)적영향급기상관궤제、ROP후기시공능개변급상관궤제진행종술,종이지도아문심구경가적치료방법。
Retinopathy of prematurity ( ROP) is an important cause of infant blindness and visual impairment in the world, of which main clinical characteristics are peripheral retinal vascular abnormalities, including large non- perfusion area and abnormal neovascularization. Numerous researches have demonstrated that ROP affects the differentiation and maturity of retinal photoreceptor cells, with more significantly effect on rods than cones, and later mostly caused ametropia, strabismus, amblyopia and a series of abnormal visual functions, the specific mechanism remains unclear. After treatments, even the retinal vascular proliferation lesions disappear itself, but the abnormal development of photoreceptor cells and the resulting visual dysfunction will persist. Currently the best evaluation mean of clinical assessment about retinal function is mainly visual electrophysiology, especially flash electroretinogram ( f-ERG ) , which can reflect the whole retinal functional status before ganglion cells, has a unique significance for the evaluation of retinal photoreceptor cells function. In this review, we aims at the development of neural retina ( mainly photoreceptor cells) and its related mechanisms, also the visual function changes appeared in the late period about ROP and its mechanisms, guiding us to pursuit better methods for treatment.
