CAJ | 학술논문

采用基于固有应变法的弹性有限元分析预测大型复杂结构的焊接变形的前提是必须已知焊缝附近的固有变形。结构的焊接残余应力与焊接变形取决于其接头的固有变形大小及分布，因此开发精确计算接头固有变形的方法，并依此建立一个完善的固有变形数据库对于大型复杂结构焊接变形的预测有重要意义。文中提出了几种计算固有变形的方法包括公式法、热弹塑性有限元法、实测法，并分别采用这几种方法对典型T型接头的横向固有收缩与纵向固有收缩进行计算，三种方法得到的结果比较一致。在此基础上，进一步以典型船体结构为研究对象，采用依照这三种方法建立的固有变形数据库对其焊接变形进行预测，并与实测数据进行比较，验证了该数据库的有效性。
채용기우고유응변법적탄성유한원분석예측대형복잡결구적한접변형적전제시필수이지한봉부근적고유변형。결구적한접잔여응력여한접변형취결우기접두적고유변형대소급분포，인차개발정학계산접두고유변형적방법，병의차건립일개완선적고유변형수거고대우대형복잡결구한접변형적예측유중요의의。문중제출료궤충계산고유변형적방법포괄공식법、열탄소성유한원법、실측법，병분별채용저궤충방법대전형T형접두적횡향고유수축여종향고유수축진행계산，삼충방법득도적결과비교일치。재차기출상，진일보이전형선체결구위연구대상，채용의조저삼충방법건립적고유변형수거고대기한접변형진행예측，병여실측수거진행비교，험증료해수거고적유효성。
To predict the welding distortion of large structures using elastic analysis based on the in-herent strain theory, the inherent deformation around the welding line should be evaluated before-hand. The welding residual stress and welding distortion of the welded joint depend on the value and distribution of inherent deformation. Therefore, it is significant to develop methods to evaluate the inherent deformation precisely and establish inherent deformation database for the prediction of welding distortion on large structures. In this paper, three methods (formula method, Thermal-Elas-tic-Plastic Finite Element Method (TEP FEM) and experimental method) for evaluating inherent de-formation are presented. A fillet welded joint is taken as an example, inherent deformations evaluat-ed by these methods are compared. Finally, computations of welding distortion of a typical hull block are conducted based on the inherent deformation database calculated by three methods. By compar-ing the welding distortion of evaluated results with that of measured ones, the reliability of the in-herent deformation database is confirmed.