草业学报
草業學報
초업학보
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
2015年
9期
216-222
,共7页
王茜%校亮%唐翔宇%徐青%衣华鹏%田海凤
王茜%校亮%唐翔宇%徐青%衣華鵬%田海鳳
왕천%교량%당상우%서청%의화붕%전해봉
盐地碱蓬%盐碱胁迫%盐氮互作%发芽%成苗%生长
鹽地堿蓬%鹽堿脅迫%鹽氮互作%髮芽%成苗%生長
염지감봉%염감협박%염담호작%발아%성묘%생장
Suaeda salsa%saline alkali stress%salinity and nitrogen interactions%germination%emergence%growth
以蒸馏水、珍珠岩、盐碱土为基质,探究了水培、岩培、土培条件下盐碱胁迫和盐氮互作对盐地碱蓬种子发芽与幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,发芽阶段:发芽率随胁迫作用增强呈线性下降规律。含盐量从0.00%增至3.60%,发芽率自89%线性下降至0%,这一规律与所选基质无关。此外,以1.20%含盐量为界,此盐分含量以下,较水培、岩培,土培下各含盐量对应种子平均发芽率降低8.00%;高于此盐分含量,各含盐量对应种子发芽率趋同。说明当含盐量低于1.20%时,基质对种子发芽的影响大于盐分;盐分含量在1.20%基础上继续升高,基质对种子发芽影响甚微,盐分成为主导因素。成苗阶段:成苗率随胁迫作用增强呈先增后减的规律。盐分含量低于1.00%,成苗率随含盐量增加陡增,最高可达70%;盐分含量在1.00%基础上继续升高,成苗率缓慢下降,直至0%。说明一定盐分含量是幼芽保持较高成苗率的必要条件,含盐量升高或降低,盐地碱蓬都可能会被其他物种取代,群落将演替为以地带性植物为主的群落。生长阶段:盐分含量适宜时,氮素输入可有效促进盐地碱蓬生长,盐分过高,促进作用甚微。因此,以盐地碱蓬作为先锋物种改善和修复黄河三角洲盐碱土时,需考虑盐分和养分的交互作用。
以蒸餾水、珍珠巖、鹽堿土為基質,探究瞭水培、巖培、土培條件下鹽堿脅迫和鹽氮互作對鹽地堿蓬種子髮芽與幼苗生長的影響。結果錶明,髮芽階段:髮芽率隨脅迫作用增彊呈線性下降規律。含鹽量從0.00%增至3.60%,髮芽率自89%線性下降至0%,這一規律與所選基質無關。此外,以1.20%含鹽量為界,此鹽分含量以下,較水培、巖培,土培下各含鹽量對應種子平均髮芽率降低8.00%;高于此鹽分含量,各含鹽量對應種子髮芽率趨同。說明噹含鹽量低于1.20%時,基質對種子髮芽的影響大于鹽分;鹽分含量在1.20%基礎上繼續升高,基質對種子髮芽影響甚微,鹽分成為主導因素。成苗階段:成苗率隨脅迫作用增彊呈先增後減的規律。鹽分含量低于1.00%,成苗率隨含鹽量增加陡增,最高可達70%;鹽分含量在1.00%基礎上繼續升高,成苗率緩慢下降,直至0%。說明一定鹽分含量是幼芽保持較高成苗率的必要條件,含鹽量升高或降低,鹽地堿蓬都可能會被其他物種取代,群落將縯替為以地帶性植物為主的群落。生長階段:鹽分含量適宜時,氮素輸入可有效促進鹽地堿蓬生長,鹽分過高,促進作用甚微。因此,以鹽地堿蓬作為先鋒物種改善和脩複黃河三角洲鹽堿土時,需攷慮鹽分和養分的交互作用。
이증류수、진주암、염감토위기질,탐구료수배、암배、토배조건하염감협박화염담호작대염지감봉충자발아여유묘생장적영향。결과표명,발아계단:발아솔수협박작용증강정선성하강규률。함염량종0.00%증지3.60%,발아솔자89%선성하강지0%,저일규률여소선기질무관。차외,이1.20%함염량위계,차염분함량이하,교수배、암배,토배하각함염량대응충자평균발아솔강저8.00%;고우차염분함량,각함염량대응충자발아솔추동。설명당함염량저우1.20%시,기질대충자발아적영향대우염분;염분함량재1.20%기출상계속승고,기질대충자발아영향심미,염분성위주도인소。성묘계단:성묘솔수협박작용증강정선증후감적규률。염분함량저우1.00%,성묘솔수함염량증가두증,최고가체70%;염분함량재1.00%기출상계속승고,성묘솔완만하강,직지0%。설명일정염분함량시유아보지교고성묘솔적필요조건,함염량승고혹강저,염지감봉도가능회피기타물충취대,군락장연체위이지대성식물위주적군락。생장계단:염분함량괄의시,담소수입가유효촉진염지감봉생장,염분과고,촉진작용심미。인차,이염지감봉작위선봉물충개선화수복황하삼각주염감토시,수고필염분화양분적교호작용。
The effects of different substrates;distilled water,pearlite and saline-alkali soil and saline-alkali stress on seed germination and seedling growth of Suaeda salsa was investigated.Increasing levels of saline al-kali stress significantly decreased seed germination of S .salsa.Salt content ranging from 0.00%-3.60% re-sulted in germination % falling from 89% to 0% linearly.The seed germination rate in the soil was lower than those in water and perlite by 8.00% when salt content was below 1.20%.Above 1.20% salt germination in different substrates were not different.The effect of substrate on seed germination is more important than sa-linity at salt contents below 1.20%,but salinity controls seed germination at salt contents above 1.20%.Seed-ling emergence increased to a peak value (70%)with the increase of salt content up to 1.00% and then declined gradually to 0% at salt concentrations above 1.00%.It appears that an optimal level of salinity is necessary for S .salsa seedlings to achieve a high survival rate.Salinity plays a dominant role for S .salsa during the growth period from bud to seedling stage and determines the formation of S .salsa community.Higher or lower salini-ty than optimum may result in the replacement of S .salsa by other plant species and consequently changes to zonal vegetation communities.When soil salinity is at an optimal level,nitrogen can effectively promote the growth of S .salsa.Elevated salt supply may hamper nitrogen uptake by S .salsa.The nitrogen required to maintain optimum growth of S .salsa may vary with salinity.Therefore,both salinity and nitrogen should be considered when utilising S .salsa as the pioneer species to restore the severely degraded saline soil in the Yellow River Delta.