CAJ | 학술논문

“五四”新文化运动的价值目标是要通过启蒙而建构“国民”主体，它所践行的“文艺大众化”，实现了书面语由文言向白话的转换。继起的“革命文学”的文艺大众化运动，有着与“五四”时代不同的价值理想。在无产阶级利益本位的影响之下，革命文艺大众化进行了一次话语载体的拓展旅程。面对“五四”文学话语的知识分子化和“新文言”的现实，革命文学大众化进行了白话的“二次革命”，将知识分子的白话转换为底层的日常白话；面对民众普遍文盲的现实，将文字从书面语向口语拓展；将传统意义上的书面文学转向口语文学和说唱等综合表演艺术，将文学拓展为文艺；最终，在大众文艺运动中将文学泛化为群众的日常文化生活。
“오사”신문화운동적개치목표시요통과계몽이건구“국민”주체，타소천행적“문예대음화”，실현료서면어유문언향백화적전환。계기적“혁명문학”적문예대음화운동，유착여“오사”시대불동적개치이상。재무산계급이익본위적영향지하，혁명문예대음화진행료일차화어재체적탁전려정。면대“오사”문학화어적지식분자화화“신문언”적현실，혁명문학대음화진행료백화적“이차혁명”，장지식분자적백화전환위저층적일상백화；면대민음보편문맹적현실，장문자종서면어향구어탁전；장전통의의상적서면문학전향구어문학화설창등종합표연예술，장문학탁전위문예；최종，재대음문예운동중장문학범화위군음적일상문화생활。
The value orientation of the New Culture Movement was to construct a new type of citizen-ship by means of enlightenment. With the implementation of the policy of“Popularization of Literature and Art”, literary Chinese language was largely replaced by written vernacular Chinese in written works. During the subsequent corresponding movement of“Revolutionary Literature”, a quite distinct notion of values was formed, which differed a lot from that of the May 4th Movement. Under the great influence of proletarian interest and taste, the popularization of revolutionary literature and art fur-thered the change in the linguistic means of literature to counter the effects of “neo-literary Chinese”spoken by most intellectuals. Consequently, there occurred the second revolution of Chinese vernacu-lar language in which the language used by the intellectuals was converted into the daily spoken Chi-nese of common people ( lower classes) . The words changed a lot from written language to colloquial one to meet the needs of the vast number of illiterates among the masses. Accordingly, the traditional written literature was gradually expanded into various art forms including oral literature and folk art of singing and talking as well. Eventually, literature was transformed into daily cultural activities during the movement of popular literature and art.