非金属矿
非金屬礦
비금속광
Non-Metallic Mines
2015年
5期
60-63,84
,共5页
膨润土%缓冲材料%铀%阻滞特性%表观扩散系数
膨潤土%緩遲材料%鈾%阻滯特性%錶觀擴散繫數
팽윤토%완충재료%유%조체특성%표관확산계수
bentonite%buffer materials%uranium%retardation capability%apparent diffusion coefifcient
缓冲材料作为高放废物处置库中多重屏障体系的最后一道人工屏障，其对放射性核素的阻滞性能将直接影响到处置库的长期稳定性和安全性。对新疆膨润土、新疆沸石、安徽明光凹凸棒石和四川江油黄铁矿4种单一矿物材料对铀的吸附性能进行对比研究，结果表明，由于新疆膨润土具有低渗透性、良好的膨胀自愈性及吸附性，将其作为集成缓冲材料的基材矿物合理。在此基础上开展了以新疆膨润土为基材、以沸石、凹凸棒石和黄铁矿作为可选择的添加矿物来构建B-Z、B-Z-P、B-A及B-A-P 4种类型集成缓冲材料，对4种类型集成缓冲材料的吸附性能进行对比分析，结果表明：B-A-P型集成缓冲材料对放射性核素铀的吸附性能优于其他3种类型集成缓冲材料，并且铀在B7AP型集成缓冲材料中表观扩散系数Da为4.07×10-12 m2/s，均比其他配方的集成缓冲材料表观扩散系数小。因此，B7AP型集成缓冲材料更适宜作为处置放射性核素铀的人工屏障材料，该研究成果可为高放废物处置库中的人工屏障材料设计提供参考。
緩遲材料作為高放廢物處置庫中多重屏障體繫的最後一道人工屏障，其對放射性覈素的阻滯性能將直接影響到處置庫的長期穩定性和安全性。對新疆膨潤土、新疆沸石、安徽明光凹凸棒石和四川江油黃鐵礦4種單一礦物材料對鈾的吸附性能進行對比研究，結果錶明，由于新疆膨潤土具有低滲透性、良好的膨脹自愈性及吸附性，將其作為集成緩遲材料的基材礦物閤理。在此基礎上開展瞭以新疆膨潤土為基材、以沸石、凹凸棒石和黃鐵礦作為可選擇的添加礦物來構建B-Z、B-Z-P、B-A及B-A-P 4種類型集成緩遲材料，對4種類型集成緩遲材料的吸附性能進行對比分析，結果錶明：B-A-P型集成緩遲材料對放射性覈素鈾的吸附性能優于其他3種類型集成緩遲材料，併且鈾在B7AP型集成緩遲材料中錶觀擴散繫數Da為4.07×10-12 m2/s，均比其他配方的集成緩遲材料錶觀擴散繫數小。因此，B7AP型集成緩遲材料更適宜作為處置放射性覈素鈾的人工屏障材料，該研究成果可為高放廢物處置庫中的人工屏障材料設計提供參攷。
완충재료작위고방폐물처치고중다중병장체계적최후일도인공병장，기대방사성핵소적조체성능장직접영향도처치고적장기은정성화안전성。대신강팽윤토、신강비석、안휘명광요철봉석화사천강유황철광4충단일광물재료대유적흡부성능진행대비연구，결과표명，유우신강팽윤토구유저삼투성、량호적팽창자유성급흡부성，장기작위집성완충재료적기재광물합리。재차기출상개전료이신강팽윤토위기재、이비석、요철봉석화황철광작위가선택적첨가광물래구건B-Z、B-Z-P、B-A급B-A-P 4충류형집성완충재료，대4충류형집성완충재료적흡부성능진행대비분석，결과표명：B-A-P형집성완충재료대방사성핵소유적흡부성능우우기타3충류형집성완충재료，병차유재B7AP형집성완충재료중표관확산계수Da위4.07×10-12 m2/s，균비기타배방적집성완충재료표관확산계수소。인차，B7AP형집성완충재료경괄의작위처치방사성핵소유적인공병장재료，해연구성과가위고방폐물처치고중적인공병장재료설계제공삼고。
Buffer materials were the last artiifcial barrier of high-level radioactive waste repository, its retardation capability of uranium would directly affect the the security and stability of the repository system. The static adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the adsorption performance of uranium on Xinjiang bentonite, Xinjiang zeolite, Mingguang attapulgite and Jiangyou pyrite. By comparing experiments, the analysis results showed that Xinjiang bentonite was a suitable based- mineral to build integrated buffer materials because of low-permeability, well water swelling and excellent adsorption. The bentonite-zeolite type (abbreviated as B-Z), bentonite-zeolite-pyrite type (abbreviated as B-Z-P), bentonite-attapulgite type (abbreviated as B-A) and bentonite-attapulgite-pyrite type (abbreviated as B-A-P) were made up of Xingjiang bentonite and mineral additive, and one or several minerals were chosen as mineral additives from zeolite, attapulgite and pyrite. The adsorption performance of uranium on four types of integrated buffer material indicated that B-A-P type integrated buffer material was not only superior to other, but also apparent diffusion coefifcient of of radionuclide uranium is minimum in B7AP, its value was 4.07×10-12 m2/s. As a consequence, B7AP type integrated buffer material was more suitable as artiifcial barrier material to dispose uranium-containing radioactive waste, and also provided a reference for designing barrier materials.
