水利水电科技进展
水利水電科技進展
수이수전과기진전
Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources
2015年
5期
121-123,180
,共4页
北水南调%粮食安全%虚拟水%用水补偿%蓝水%绿水
北水南調%糧食安全%虛擬水%用水補償%藍水%綠水
북수남조%양식안전%허의수%용수보상%람수%록수
North-to-South Water Transfer Project%grain security%virtual water%compensation for water use%blue water%green water
在分析我国南方和北方地区之间粮食调运与虚拟水流动量变化的基础上，指出粮食虚拟水“北水南调工程”引起了一系列潜在的危机：加剧了北方地区的水资源压力，威胁国家粮食安全并拉大了南方和北方地区的经济差距。结合我国粮食生产用水技术水平与节水农业发展现状，提出应对上述潜在危机的建议：①强化政府宏观调控职能，挖掘农业节水潜力。尽快启动研究实施国家粮食生产用水补偿奖惩制度，挖掘农业节水潜力，缓解北方地区粮食生产水资源压力。②引入市场机制，大力发展现代节水农业。尽快研究出台相关政策，鼓励并支持节水企业投资建设和经营管理节水农业工程，充分调动多方资源，促进节水农业发展，保障国家粮食安全。
在分析我國南方和北方地區之間糧食調運與虛擬水流動量變化的基礎上，指齣糧食虛擬水“北水南調工程”引起瞭一繫列潛在的危機：加劇瞭北方地區的水資源壓力，威脅國傢糧食安全併拉大瞭南方和北方地區的經濟差距。結閤我國糧食生產用水技術水平與節水農業髮展現狀，提齣應對上述潛在危機的建議：①彊化政府宏觀調控職能，挖掘農業節水潛力。儘快啟動研究實施國傢糧食生產用水補償獎懲製度，挖掘農業節水潛力，緩解北方地區糧食生產水資源壓力。②引入市場機製，大力髮展現代節水農業。儘快研究齣檯相關政策，鼓勵併支持節水企業投資建設和經營管理節水農業工程，充分調動多方資源，促進節水農業髮展，保障國傢糧食安全。
재분석아국남방화북방지구지간양식조운여허의수류동량변화적기출상，지출양식허의수“북수남조공정”인기료일계렬잠재적위궤：가극료북방지구적수자원압력，위협국가양식안전병랍대료남방화북방지구적경제차거。결합아국양식생산용수기술수평여절수농업발전현상，제출응대상술잠재위궤적건의：①강화정부굉관조공직능，알굴농업절수잠력。진쾌계동연구실시국가양식생산용수보상장징제도，알굴농업절수잠력，완해북방지구양식생산수자원압력。②인입시장궤제，대력발전현대절수농업。진쾌연구출태상관정책，고려병지지절수기업투자건설화경영관리절수농업공정，충분조동다방자원，촉진절수농업발전，보장국가양식안전。
Based on analysis of the variation of grain transportation and virtual water flow between southern and northern China, a number of potential crises that could be created by the North-to-South Water Transfer Project with regard to virtual water of grain are described:exacerbation of water stress in the northern regions, threats to national food security, and a widening economic gap between the southern and northern regions. Based on the technical level of water use during grain production and current status of water-saving agriculture, we put forward two suggestions: ( 1 ) strengthening the macro-control function of the government, implementing the policy of compensation for water use during grain production, tapping the potential of water-saving agriculture, and alleviating the pressure of water resources for grain production in northern regions;and ( 2 ) developing modern water-saving agriculture by introducing market mechanisms, establishing relevant policies as soon as possible in order to encourage and support the investment and construction of water-saving enterprises as well as the operation and management of water-saving agricultural projects, and mobilizing various resources in order to promote the development of water-saving agriculture and guarantee national food security.
