广西植物
廣西植物
엄서식물
Guihaia
2015年
5期
761-767
,共7页
美容杜鹃%种质资源%遗传多样性%ISSR
美容杜鵑%種質資源%遺傳多樣性%ISSR
미용두견%충질자원%유전다양성%ISSR
Rhododendron calophytum%germplasm resources%genetic diversity%ISSR
美容杜鹃是杜鹃花科杜鹃花属常绿观花植物,也是秦岭地区的特有属,在维持当地生态平衡方面发挥着重要作用,但目前资源正在遭受严重的破坏.该文通过 ISSR分子标记技术对秦岭地区5个美容杜鹃野生种群进行遗传多样性分析,了解美容杜鹃不同种群的遗传分化,从而为美容杜鹃野生种质资源保护策略的制定提供理论依据.用8个ISSR引物对5个天然种群的90个单株进行扩增,共扩增出78条带(平均每条引物产生9．75条带),其中65条带是多态的,多态位点占总位点的百分率为83％.种群总的 Nei’s 基因多样性指数为0．3386,Shannon信息多态性指数为0．4972,表明美容杜鹃总的遗传多样性水平较高.种群多态位点百分率为82．71％~90．25％,Shannon信息多态性指数为0．4161~0．5867,Nei’s 基因多样性指数为0．3044~0．4122,表明美容杜鹃不同种群遗传多样性水平差异较大.其中镇安木王种群和柞水牛背梁种群的遗传多样性水平较高.AMOVA分析表明种群内的遗传变异(91．22％)大于种群间的遗传变异(8．78％).UPGMA 聚类分析表明5个种群的遗传分化程度与地理距离没有相关性.因此建议尽可能地保护美容杜鹃所有的天然种群原生境条件,以最大限度保护其遗传变异.由于镇安和柞水种群具有较高的遗传多样性,因此建议优先对这2个种群实施就地保护和迁地保护.
美容杜鵑是杜鵑花科杜鵑花屬常綠觀花植物,也是秦嶺地區的特有屬,在維持噹地生態平衡方麵髮揮著重要作用,但目前資源正在遭受嚴重的破壞.該文通過 ISSR分子標記技術對秦嶺地區5箇美容杜鵑野生種群進行遺傳多樣性分析,瞭解美容杜鵑不同種群的遺傳分化,從而為美容杜鵑野生種質資源保護策略的製定提供理論依據.用8箇ISSR引物對5箇天然種群的90箇單株進行擴增,共擴增齣78條帶(平均每條引物產生9．75條帶),其中65條帶是多態的,多態位點佔總位點的百分率為83％.種群總的 Nei’s 基因多樣性指數為0．3386,Shannon信息多態性指數為0．4972,錶明美容杜鵑總的遺傳多樣性水平較高.種群多態位點百分率為82．71％~90．25％,Shannon信息多態性指數為0．4161~0．5867,Nei’s 基因多樣性指數為0．3044~0．4122,錶明美容杜鵑不同種群遺傳多樣性水平差異較大.其中鎮安木王種群和柞水牛揹樑種群的遺傳多樣性水平較高.AMOVA分析錶明種群內的遺傳變異(91．22％)大于種群間的遺傳變異(8．78％).UPGMA 聚類分析錶明5箇種群的遺傳分化程度與地理距離沒有相關性.因此建議儘可能地保護美容杜鵑所有的天然種群原生境條件,以最大限度保護其遺傳變異.由于鎮安和柞水種群具有較高的遺傳多樣性,因此建議優先對這2箇種群實施就地保護和遷地保護.
미용두견시두견화과두견화속상록관화식물,야시진령지구적특유속,재유지당지생태평형방면발휘착중요작용,단목전자원정재조수엄중적파배.해문통과 ISSR분자표기기술대진령지구5개미용두견야생충군진행유전다양성분석,료해미용두견불동충군적유전분화,종이위미용두견야생충질자원보호책략적제정제공이론의거.용8개ISSR인물대5개천연충군적90개단주진행확증,공확증출78조대(평균매조인물산생9．75조대),기중65조대시다태적,다태위점점총위점적백분솔위83％.충군총적 Nei’s 기인다양성지수위0．3386,Shannon신식다태성지수위0．4972,표명미용두견총적유전다양성수평교고.충군다태위점백분솔위82．71％~90．25％,Shannon신식다태성지수위0．4161~0．5867,Nei’s 기인다양성지수위0．3044~0．4122,표명미용두견불동충군유전다양성수평차이교대.기중진안목왕충군화작수우배량충군적유전다양성수평교고.AMOVA분석표명충군내적유전변이(91．22％)대우충군간적유전변이(8．78％).UPGMA 취류분석표명5개충군적유전분화정도여지리거리몰유상관성.인차건의진가능지보호미용두견소유적천연충군원생경조건,이최대한도보호기유전변이.유우진안화작수충군구유교고적유전다양성,인차건의우선대저2개충군실시취지보호화천지보호.
Rhododendron calophytum belonged to Ericaceae family,Rhododendron genus.It is an endemic evergreen plant with beautiful flowers,and has high ornamental value and breeding value,which is also beneficial to maintain the stability of the ecosystem in Qinling Mountains.Recently,R.calophytum germplasm was endangered due to hu-man being’s excessive excavation activities.The genetic diversity of five natural populations of R.calophytum in Qinling Mountain was assessed using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR )markers.And 78 bands were amplified by 8 informative and reliable primers,of which 65 were polymorphic loci,the percentage of polymorphic bands was 83%.As analyzed by the software POPGENE,the genetic diversity difference among populations was high with PPL of 82.71%-90.25%,Nei’s gene diversity 0.3044-0.4122 and Shannon’s Information Index 0.4161-0.5867.Anal-ysis of molecular variance(AMOVA )revealed that among and within population genetic variations accounted for 8.78% and 91.22% of the total genetic variation,respectively.UPGMA cluster analysis based on Nei and Li genetic similarity did not form clades corresponding to geographic distance.Therefore,it is suggested that all the original habitat conditions of R.calophytum populations should be protected as much as possible in order to protect its genetic variation.In addition,we should take some measures of in-situ and ex-situ conservation to protect R.calophytum populations in Zhen’an and Zhashui because these two populations have much higher genetic diversity.
