中华流行病学杂志
中華流行病學雜誌
중화류행병학잡지
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
2015年
9期
976-982
,共7页
贺琴%陈叶纪%戴丹%徐伟%邢秀雅%刘志荣
賀琴%陳葉紀%戴丹%徐偉%邢秀雅%劉誌榮
하금%진협기%대단%서위%형수아%류지영
死因%监测
死因%鑑測
사인%감측
Causes of death%Surveillance
目的 分析安徽省居民死因,为制定疾病防控策略提供依据.方法 采用描述性流行病学方法,按安徽省地理特征分片区对2013年安徽省国家疾病监测点(DSPs)常住人口多死因监测资料进行分析.结果 2013年安徽省及各片区人口均呈老年型,老龄化程度为江淮＞皖南＞淮北.居民死亡率为627.10/10万.疾病死亡率存在片区、性别、年龄差异.总死亡率及慢性病、伤害死亡率均为淮北＞江淮＞皖南;感染类疾病死亡率在不同片区间差异较小.无论片区和病种,男性死亡率普遍高于女性.从年龄看,慢性病死亡率在＞45岁人群较高,尤其65 ～ 84岁人群;伤害死亡率在15～岁和45～岁组人群中较高;感染类疾病呈现“两头高,中间低”的特点;不明原因疾病死亡多见于＞65岁人群.居民前5位死因依次为脑血管病、恶性肿瘤、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病和伤害.无论性别或片区,主要死因均相近,仅顺位略有不同.不同年龄组人群主要死因不同,在不同片区相同年龄组人群主要死因大致相同,0～岁组主要死因为围生期疾病和先天异常;1～14岁者主要死因为伤害、围生期疾病和先天异常;15～44岁人群主要死因均为伤害和恶性肿瘤;45 ～ 64岁人群主要死因为恶性肿瘤、伤害、脑血管病和心脏病;65～岁者主要死因为脑血管病、恶性肿瘤、心脏病和呼吸系统疾病;≥85岁者主要死因为心脏病、脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病和恶性肿瘤.结论 脑血管病、恶性肿瘤和伤害是安徽省居民的主要死因.慢病防控工作应重点关注≥45岁人群脑血管病、恶性肿瘤和心脏病等疾病防控;15～44岁人群是伤害防控重点人群;淮北片区是安徽省疾病预防和控制工作关注的重点地区,尤其慢性病及伤害防控.
目的 分析安徽省居民死因,為製定疾病防控策略提供依據.方法 採用描述性流行病學方法,按安徽省地理特徵分片區對2013年安徽省國傢疾病鑑測點(DSPs)常住人口多死因鑑測資料進行分析.結果 2013年安徽省及各片區人口均呈老年型,老齡化程度為江淮＞皖南＞淮北.居民死亡率為627.10/10萬.疾病死亡率存在片區、性彆、年齡差異.總死亡率及慢性病、傷害死亡率均為淮北＞江淮＞皖南;感染類疾病死亡率在不同片區間差異較小.無論片區和病種,男性死亡率普遍高于女性.從年齡看,慢性病死亡率在＞45歲人群較高,尤其65 ～ 84歲人群;傷害死亡率在15～歲和45～歲組人群中較高;感染類疾病呈現“兩頭高,中間低”的特點;不明原因疾病死亡多見于＞65歲人群.居民前5位死因依次為腦血管病、噁性腫瘤、心髒病、呼吸繫統疾病和傷害.無論性彆或片區,主要死因均相近,僅順位略有不同.不同年齡組人群主要死因不同,在不同片區相同年齡組人群主要死因大緻相同,0～歲組主要死因為圍生期疾病和先天異常;1～14歲者主要死因為傷害、圍生期疾病和先天異常;15～44歲人群主要死因均為傷害和噁性腫瘤;45 ～ 64歲人群主要死因為噁性腫瘤、傷害、腦血管病和心髒病;65～歲者主要死因為腦血管病、噁性腫瘤、心髒病和呼吸繫統疾病;≥85歲者主要死因為心髒病、腦血管病、呼吸繫統疾病和噁性腫瘤.結論 腦血管病、噁性腫瘤和傷害是安徽省居民的主要死因.慢病防控工作應重點關註≥45歲人群腦血管病、噁性腫瘤和心髒病等疾病防控;15～44歲人群是傷害防控重點人群;淮北片區是安徽省疾病預防和控製工作關註的重點地區,尤其慢性病及傷害防控.
목적 분석안휘성거민사인,위제정질병방공책략제공의거.방법 채용묘술성류행병학방법,안안휘성지리특정분편구대2013년안휘성국가질병감측점(DSPs)상주인구다사인감측자료진행분석.결과 2013년안휘성급각편구인구균정노년형,노령화정도위강회＞환남＞회북.거민사망솔위627.10/10만.질병사망솔존재편구、성별、년령차이.총사망솔급만성병、상해사망솔균위회북＞강회＞환남;감염류질병사망솔재불동편구간차이교소.무론편구화병충,남성사망솔보편고우녀성.종년령간,만성병사망솔재＞45세인군교고,우기65 ～ 84세인군;상해사망솔재15～세화45～세조인군중교고;감염류질병정현“량두고,중간저”적특점;불명원인질병사망다견우＞65세인군.거민전5위사인의차위뇌혈관병、악성종류、심장병、호흡계통질병화상해.무론성별혹편구,주요사인균상근,부순위략유불동.불동년령조인군주요사인불동,재불동편구상동년령조인군주요사인대치상동,0～세조주요사인위위생기질병화선천이상;1～14세자주요사인위상해、위생기질병화선천이상;15～44세인군주요사인균위상해화악성종류;45 ～ 64세인군주요사인위악성종류、상해、뇌혈관병화심장병;65～세자주요사인위뇌혈관병、악성종류、심장병화호흡계통질병;≥85세자주요사인위심장병、뇌혈관병、호흡계통질병화악성종류.결론 뇌혈관병、악성종류화상해시안휘성거민적주요사인.만병방공공작응중점관주≥45세인군뇌혈관병、악성종류화심장병등질병방공;15～44세인군시상해방공중점인군;회북편구시안휘성질병예방화공제공작관주적중점지구,우기만성병급상해방공.
Objective To analyze the demographic characteristics and the death causes of the residents in Anhui province,and provide evidence for the disease prevention and control.Methods Using descriptive epidemiological analysis,the demographic characteristics and death data of the national disease surveillance points (DSPs) in Anhui province in 2013 were analyed by areas.Results The aging of the population was observed in all the areas in Anhui,which was most obvious in Jianghuai,followed by Wannan and Huaibei.The overall mortality was 627.10/100 000.The mortalities of diseases varied with sex,area and age.Among the 3 areas,the overall mortality,chronic disease mortality and injury mortality were highest in Huaibei and lowest in Wannan.The area specific difference in mortality of infectious diseases was small.Regardless of areas or the types of diseases,the mortality was higher in males than in females.Deaths caused by diseases with unknown origins were common in residents aged ＞ 65 years.The mortality of chronic diseases was higher in residents aged ＞45 years,especially in those aged 65-84 years.The mortality of injuries was higher in age groups ＞15 years and ＞45 years.The mortality of infectious diseases peaked at both young age group and old age group.The top five death causes were cerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumors,heart diseases,respiratory diseases and injuries.Regardless of sex or area,the major death causes were similar,but the ranks were slightly different.The major death causes varied in different age groups,but they were similar in same age group in different areas.The major death causes were diseases originated in perinatal period,and congenital malformations,deformations and chromosomal abnormalities in children aged ＜ 1 year.The major death causes in children aged 1-14 years were injuries,diseases originated in perinatal period,congenital malformations,deformations and chromosomal abnormalities.Injuries and malignant tumors were the first and second death causes in residents aged 15-44 years.Malignant tumors,injuries,cerebrovascular diseases and heart diseases were the major death causes in residents aged 45-64 years.The major death causes were cerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumors,heart diseases and respiratory diseases in residents aged 65-84 years and heart diseases,cerebrovascular diseases,respiratory diseases and malign tumors in residents aged ≥85 years.Conclusion The major death causes in residents in Anhui province were cerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumors and injuries.Close attention should be paid to the prevention and control of cerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumors and heart diseases in age group ≥45 years.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of injuries in age group 15-44 years.Huaibei is a key area of disease prevention and control in Anhui,especially chronic disease and injury preventions.
