CAJ | 학술논문

目的：分析2010年-2014年某院女性恶性肿瘤疾病构成及变化趋势，为该地区妇女预防保健、肿瘤防治及医院肿瘤专科发展提供依据。方法整理筛选该院2010年-2014年期间住院患者中女性恶性肿瘤资料，统计分析恶性肿瘤的构成及分布状况。结果27774例女性恶性肿瘤前10位依次为女性生殖系统恶性肿瘤（包括子宫颈癌、卵巢癌、子宫癌、输卵管癌等）、乳腺恶性肿瘤、甲状腺恶性肿瘤、支气管和肺恶性肿瘤、肠恶性肿瘤、胃恶性肿瘤、食管恶性肿瘤、肝恶性肿瘤、皮肤恶性肿瘤、泌尿道恶性肿瘤，共占恶性肿瘤总数的81.27%。不同民族女性恶性肿瘤构成及分布有统计学差异，其中维吾尔族的女性生殖器官恶性肿瘤及哈萨克族的食管恶性肿瘤占比例较大。5年间，女性恶性肿瘤前10顺位较稳定，各年龄段恶性肿瘤的主要构成及分布不同，0岁～14岁年龄段以泌尿道恶性肿瘤、骨和关节软骨恶性肿瘤为主，其他年龄段均以女性生殖器官恶性肿瘤和乳腺恶性肿瘤为主；45岁～59岁年龄段恶性肿瘤最多，为恶性肿瘤的高发人群。结论女性恶性肿瘤以女性生殖系统恶性肿瘤、乳腺恶性肿瘤、甲状腺恶性肿瘤、支气管和肺恶性肿瘤、肠恶性肿瘤为主。与国内同期研究不同，具有新疆的独特地域特征，应根据当地的恶性肿瘤分布特征制定适宜的预防措施，以降低女性恶性肿瘤的发病率。
목적：분석2010년-2014년모원녀성악성종류질병구성급변화추세，위해지구부녀예방보건、종류방치급의원종류전과발전제공의거。방법정리사선해원2010년-2014년기간주원환자중녀성악성종류자료，통계분석악성종류적구성급분포상황。결과27774례녀성악성종류전10위의차위녀성생식계통악성종류（포괄자궁경암、란소암、자궁암、수란관암등）、유선악성종류、갑상선악성종류、지기관화폐악성종류、장악성종류、위악성종류、식관악성종류、간악성종류、피부악성종류、비뇨도악성종류，공점악성종류총수적81.27%。불동민족녀성악성종류구성급분포유통계학차이，기중유오이족적녀성생식기관악성종류급합살극족적식관악성종류점비례교대。5년간，녀성악성종류전10순위교은정，각년령단악성종류적주요구성급분포불동，0세～14세년령단이비뇨도악성종류、골화관절연골악성종류위주，기타년령단균이녀성생식기관악성종류화유선악성종류위주；45세～59세년령단악성종류최다，위악성종류적고발인군。결론녀성악성종류이녀성생식계통악성종류、유선악성종류、갑상선악성종류、지기관화폐악성종류、장악성종류위주。여국내동기연구불동，구유신강적독특지역특정，응근거당지적악성종류분포특정제정괄의적예방조시，이강저녀성악성종류적발병솔。
Objectives To analyze the composition and change trend of female patients with malignant tumors from 2010 to 2014, thus to provide evidence for the prevention and health care, cancer prevention of women as well as the development of tumors department of the hospital. Methods The materials of female malignant tumor patients were selected among all the hospitalization patients from 2010 to 2014, then conducted statistical analysis on the composition and distribution situation of the malignant tumors. Results The top 10 malignant tumors of 27774 female cases were respectively malignant tumors of the female reproductive system, breast, thyroid, bronchus and lung, Intestine, stomach, esophageal, liver, the skin and urinary tract, taking a total of 81.27%of the total number of malignant tumor. The formation and distribution of malignant tumor were difference in different ethnic women, the female genital malignant tumor of Uygur and esophageal malignant tumor of Kazak holds a high percentage. 5 years, the top 10 malignant tumors of female malignant tumor was stable, the main structure and distribution of malignant tumor were different in of each age, Urinary tract malignant tumor, malignant neoplasm of bone and particular cartilage were the main in the years 0 to 14, other age groups were mainly in female genital malignant tumors and malignant breast tumors. The age of 45 to 59 years was a high-risk population of malignant tumor with the most malignant tumor patients. Conclusions The female malignant tumors of hospital were main the female reproductive system malignant tumors, breast cancer, thyroid cancer, malignant tumors, bronchial and pulmonary intestinal malignant tumors. Different with the same period in the domestic research, it has an unique geographical features of Xinjiang. The appropriate preventive measures should be developed according to the local distribution of malignant tumors, so as to reduce the incidence rate of malignant tumors.