CAJ | 학술논문

运用文献资料、录像资料等，梳理当今世界男子跳马运动员的动作选择趋向及变化规律，对男子跳马优秀运动员两跳动作组合特征进行研究，结果发现：(1)2013版FIG国际体操评分规则对于跳马项目的调整较大，动作价值普遍贬值1.0分，在此基础上对踺子上板类动作进行升值，意在倡导此类动作的发展；(2)国外运动员善于采用“前手翻”接“空翻两周”动作，我国运动员倾向于采用“多度转体”类动作，踺子上板类动作的使用频率较低；(3)“前手翻类”与“侧手翻类”组合仍为当今世界优秀运动员的首选，两次世锦赛运动员共使用了3种动作组合形式，空翻类动作的使用比重依然较高，3次大赛两跳难度价值组合共出现8种形式，拥有绝对难度价值组合仍是夺冠的基础；(4)不断提高落地稳定性的同时，结合运动员特点开发新难度动作，尤其是6.0以上难度动作，采用最佳“两跳组合”方式是提高我国运动员跳马竞争力的关键。
운용문헌자료、록상자료등，소리당금세계남자도마운동원적동작선택추향급변화규률，대남자도마우수운동원량도동작조합특정진행연구，결과발현：(1)2013판FIG국제체조평분규칙대우도마항목적조정교대，동작개치보편폄치1.0분，재차기출상대건자상판류동작진행승치，의재창도차류동작적발전；(2)국외운동원선우채용“전수번”접“공번량주”동작，아국운동원경향우채용“다도전체”류동작，건자상판류동작적사용빈솔교저；(3)“전수번류”여“측수번류”조합잉위당금세계우수운동원적수선，량차세금새운동원공사용료3충동작조합형식，공번류동작적사용비중의연교고，3차대새량도난도개치조합공출현8충형식，옹유절대난도개치조합잉시탈관적기출；(4)불단제고락지은정성적동시，결합운동원특점개발신난도동작，우기시6.0이상난도동작，채용최가“량도조합”방식시제고아국운동원도마경쟁력적관건。
By means of literature and video analysis, the author sorted out the trend of selection and the pattern of change of movements performed by world excellent horse vaulting male athletes, studied the characteristics of the combinations of two horse vaulting movements performed by excellent horse vaulting male athletes, and revealed the following findings: 1) in the 2013 edition of FIG International Gymnastics Scoring Rules, big adjustments were made to the vaulting horse event, movement values were depreciated by 1.0 point universally, on such a basis, movements in the Arabic spring board cate-gory were appreciated in order to promote the development of such movements; 2) foreign athletes are good at using the movement of “forward handspring” followed by “double somersault”, while Chinese athletes tend to use movements in the “multi-degree turn” category, rarely use movements in the Arabic spring board category; 3) the combination of a move-ment in the “forward handspring” category with a movement in the “sideward handspring” category is still the first choice of world excellent athletes today; 3 movement combinations were used by athletes in two World Gymnastics Champion-ships; the percentage of movements in the somersault category used is still high; totally 8 combinations of two vaulting dif-ficulty value movements appeared in 3 major games; having an absolute difficulty value combination is still the foundation for becoming a champion; 4) developing new difficulty movements according to athlete characteristics, especially move-ments with a difficulty value of 6.0 or higher, and using the optimal “combination of two vaulting movements”, while con-stantly improving landing stability, are the keys to increase the horse vaulting competition power of Chinese athletes.