CAJ | 학술논문

加拿大是一个多民族、多语言的多元文化国家，原住民是加拿大最早的主人，由印第安人、梅蒂人和因纽特人构成，其中，印第安人被认为是第一民族。印第安人的命运和殖民主义的历史紧密关联。在西方殖民的历史过程中，印第安人从所居领土的主人沦为被同化的保留地村民，其传统的教育模式和内容被当作“原始”、“落后”的东西而被强迫取缔，取而代之以西方殖民教育。起初通过宗教对其“文明教化”，后来，建立远离原住民社区的寄宿学校，进行强制同化；二战后，随着民族文化自觉意识的提高和加拿大原住民政策的调整，印第安人掀起了“印第安控制印第安人教育”的自决运动；跨入新世纪，构建能力成为加拿大印第安人教育发展的新策略，从而开启了印第安民族教育内涵式发展的新路径。
가나대시일개다민족、다어언적다원문화국가，원주민시가나대최조적주인，유인제안인、매체인화인뉴특인구성，기중，인제안인피인위시제일민족。인제안인적명운화식민주의적역사긴밀관련。재서방식민적역사과정중，인제안인종소거령토적주인륜위피동화적보류지촌민，기전통적교육모식화내용피당작“원시”、“락후”적동서이피강박취체，취이대지이서방식민교육。기초통과종교대기“문명교화”，후래，건립원리원주민사구적기숙학교，진행강제동화；이전후，수착민족문화자각의식적제고화가나대원주민정책적조정，인제안인흔기료“인제안공제인제안인교육”적자결운동；과입신세기，구건능력성위가나대인제안인교육발전적신책략，종이개계료인제안민족교육내함식발전적신로경。
Canada is a multiethnic and multicultural country,aboriginal people are the first inhabitants in Cana-da,they are consist of Indians,Metis and Inuit,the Indians are recognized as“the First Nations”. The destiny of Indi-ans has the close relations with the history of Colonization. During the process of Western colonization, Indian were assimilated into the villagers of the Reserve, their traditional education patterns and contents were regarded as“prim-itives”and“backwards”and forced to be substituted by Western colonizing education. Firstly, colonizer“civilize”the aboriginals by church, then established the residential school to force them to be assimilated, and then the Indians initiated the self-determination movement of“Indian control Indian education”with the improvement of Indian cul-tural self-consciousness and the adjustment of Canadian government’s aboriginal policies after World WarⅡ. At the beginning of 21st century, capability-construction become the new strategy of Canadian Indian education reform, open the new channel of intensive development of Indian education in Canada.