CAJ | 학술논문

黄化是石灰性土壤上水稻膜下滴灌常见的营养障碍，显著影响作物生长发育和产量.以水稻品种 T-43为试验材料，采用两因素裂区试验研究播期和土壤局部酸化对改善膜下滴灌水稻苗期缺铁黄化的作用.主区设置三种不同的播期，即在土温达到12℃(T1)、15℃(T2)、18℃(T3)时播种；副区为不同的土壤酸化剂：硫酸铵＋硝化抑制剂(AS)、磷酸(PP)、柠檬酸(CA)和对照(CK).结果表明，三种酸化剂处理均显著降低土壤 pH 值，提高了土壤有效铁含量，其中 AS效果最显著. AS、PP和CA处理的苗期水稻叶片中有效铁含量较CK分别提高14．4％、11．3％和9．2％.三种酸化剂提高了水稻苗期根系活力和根系的根长、表面积、根体积，以 AS处理效果最好.晚播较早播显著提高了水稻苗期根系活力，增加了水稻根系的根长、表面积、根体积.晚播使水稻苗期叶片活性铁含量提高了11．2％，叶片 SPAD值显著增加.酸化剂的施用有助于克服水稻苗期缺铁黄化，以硫酸铵(生理酸性盐)结合硝化抑制剂最佳，适当的推后播期也能有效改善膜下滴灌水稻缺铁黄化.
황화시석회성토양상수도막하적관상견적영양장애，현저영향작물생장발육화산량.이수도품충 T-43위시험재료，채용량인소렬구시험연구파기화토양국부산화대개선막하적관수도묘기결철황화적작용.주구설치삼충불동적파기，즉재토온체도12℃(T1)、15℃(T2)、18℃(T3)시파충；부구위불동적토양산화제：류산안＋초화억제제(AS)、린산(PP)、저몽산(CA)화대조(CK).결과표명，삼충산화제처리균현저강저토양 pH 치，제고료토양유효철함량，기중 AS효과최현저. AS、PP화CA처리적묘기수도협편중유효철함량교CK분별제고14．4％、11．3％화9．2％.삼충산화제제고료수도묘기근계활력화근계적근장、표면적、근체적，이 AS처리효과최호.만파교조파현저제고료수도묘기근계활력，증가료수도근계적근장、표면적、근체적.만파사수도묘기협편활성철함량제고료11．2％，협편 SPAD치현저증가.산화제적시용유조우극복수도묘기결철황화，이류산안(생리산성염)결합초화억제제최가，괄당적추후파기야능유효개선막하적관수도결철황화.
Rice seedling chlorosis is a common symptom in calcareous soil under drip irrigation,limiting rice growth and yield.A two-factor split-plot experiment was carried out to reveal the effects of sowing date and soil acidification on rice chlorosis caused by iron deficiency under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching(DIPM)by using T-43 (Oryza sativa L.)as material.The sowing date was the primary factor and sowing was conducted at soil temperature of 1 2℃(T1 ), 15℃(T2),18℃(T3).The subplot was soil acidifiers:ammonium sulfate with nitrification inhibitor (AS),phosphoric acid (PP),citric acid (CA),and contrast (CK).The results showed that acidifier application significantly reduced soil pH value and increased soil iron availability with AS being the most effective one.Compared with CK the active iron concentration in rice leaf increased by 14.4%,11.3% and 9.2%,respectively under As,PP and CA application. Acidifier application also improved root activity at seedling stage,root length,root surface area,and root volume, especially AS.Late sowing improved root activity of rice at seedling stage,increased root length,root surface area,and root volume.The active iron concentration in rice leaf under DIPM increased by 1 1 .2% and SPAD value was significantly improved.In conclusion,application of acidifier helps overcome rice leaf chlorisis under DIPM,as well as delayed sowing date,with As showing the best effect.