中国人口·资源与环境
中國人口·資源與環境
중국인구·자원여배경
China Population Resources and Environment
2015年
10期
45-52
,共8页
长江三角洲%城市%CO2 排放特征
長江三角洲%城市%CO2 排放特徵
장강삼각주%성시%CO2 배방특정
Yangtze River Delta region%urban areas%CO2 emissions performance
自下而上基于点排放源建立长江三角洲地区1 km CO2排放空间网格数据，以第五次全国人口普查方法确定城市边界，研究长江三角洲地区真正城市的CO2排放特征。结果表明，长江三角洲地区的CO2排放的空间特征受典型城市驱动和影响。上海是整个长江三角洲地区的排放中心，上海的城市边界和城市排放结构与上海区域基本一致；江苏和浙江的城市直接排放分别占各省直接排放的47.05%和36.96%。两省的城市人均CO2排放水平都低于农村和整个区域人均CO2排放水平。这种现象和发达国家城市与郊区、农村的排放比较特征一致，说明在经济较为发达的省份，随着城市化和城市产业结构的合理与成熟，城市排放效率会优于非城市地区的排放效率。长江三角洲地区部分地级市(如苏州市和宁波市等)出现了两个核心排放城市，且彼此排放结构差异很大，而一些城市(如上海和昆山、无锡和张家港等)的城市边界和CO2排放在空间上已经联接成片，构成新的城市排放中心。长江三角洲地区的城市整体CO2排放增长速度要快于城市人口的增长速度，城市人口增加1%，则城市总CO2排放约增加1.35%，说明随着城市规模的增加，城市CO2排放效率呈下降趋势。这种整体态势主要是长江三角洲地区的城市人口规模差异较大，众多城市发育不成熟造成的。低于100万人口的城市，其人均排放水平波动很大，当人口规模超过了100万，城市人均排放水平基本都稳定在10.00 t/人以下，而且城市之间差异较小。
自下而上基于點排放源建立長江三角洲地區1 km CO2排放空間網格數據，以第五次全國人口普查方法確定城市邊界，研究長江三角洲地區真正城市的CO2排放特徵。結果錶明，長江三角洲地區的CO2排放的空間特徵受典型城市驅動和影響。上海是整箇長江三角洲地區的排放中心，上海的城市邊界和城市排放結構與上海區域基本一緻；江囌和浙江的城市直接排放分彆佔各省直接排放的47.05%和36.96%。兩省的城市人均CO2排放水平都低于農村和整箇區域人均CO2排放水平。這種現象和髮達國傢城市與郊區、農村的排放比較特徵一緻，說明在經濟較為髮達的省份，隨著城市化和城市產業結構的閤理與成熟，城市排放效率會優于非城市地區的排放效率。長江三角洲地區部分地級市(如囌州市和寧波市等)齣現瞭兩箇覈心排放城市，且彼此排放結構差異很大，而一些城市(如上海和昆山、無錫和張傢港等)的城市邊界和CO2排放在空間上已經聯接成片，構成新的城市排放中心。長江三角洲地區的城市整體CO2排放增長速度要快于城市人口的增長速度，城市人口增加1%，則城市總CO2排放約增加1.35%，說明隨著城市規模的增加，城市CO2排放效率呈下降趨勢。這種整體態勢主要是長江三角洲地區的城市人口規模差異較大，衆多城市髮育不成熟造成的。低于100萬人口的城市，其人均排放水平波動很大，噹人口規模超過瞭100萬，城市人均排放水平基本都穩定在10.00 t/人以下，而且城市之間差異較小。
자하이상기우점배방원건립장강삼각주지구1 km CO2배방공간망격수거，이제오차전국인구보사방법학정성시변계，연구장강삼각주지구진정성시적CO2배방특정。결과표명，장강삼각주지구적CO2배방적공간특정수전형성시구동화영향。상해시정개장강삼각주지구적배방중심，상해적성시변계화성시배방결구여상해구역기본일치；강소화절강적성시직접배방분별점각성직접배방적47.05%화36.96%。량성적성시인균CO2배방수평도저우농촌화정개구역인균CO2배방수평。저충현상화발체국가성시여교구、농촌적배방비교특정일치，설명재경제교위발체적성빈，수착성시화화성시산업결구적합리여성숙，성시배방효솔회우우비성시지구적배방효솔。장강삼각주지구부분지급시(여소주시화저파시등)출현료량개핵심배방성시，차피차배방결구차이흔대，이일사성시(여상해화곤산、무석화장가항등)적성시변계화CO2배방재공간상이경련접성편，구성신적성시배방중심。장강삼각주지구적성시정체CO2배방증장속도요쾌우성시인구적증장속도，성시인구증가1%，칙성시총CO2배방약증가1.35%，설명수착성시규모적증가，성시CO2배방효솔정하강추세。저충정체태세주요시장강삼각주지구적성시인구규모차이교대，음다성시발육불성숙조성적。저우100만인구적성시，기인균배방수평파동흔대，당인구규모초과료100만，성시인균배방수평기본도은정재10.00 t/인이하，이차성시지간차이교소。
The CO2 emission performance of urban areas in Yangtze River Delta region are analyzed based on 1 km gridded CO2 emission data which is built bottom-up by point emission sources and urban boundaries defined by the Fifth National Population Census. The spatial feature of CO2 emissions in Yangtze River Delta region were driven and affected by certain key urban areas. Shanghai is the emission center of this Delta region, and its urban area boundary and emission structure are basically consistent with Shanghai administrative region. The direct emissions of urban areas in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces accounted for 47. 05% and 36. 96% of the direct emissions of their respective provinces. The per capita emissions of urban areas in these two provinces were lower than rural and regional level of their provinces respectively. The emission comparison results are consistent with what have been found in the developed countries, and indicated that the emission performance in urban areas will be better than that in non-urban areas when urban and economic condition are well developed. There were emerged double emission centers in some prefecture-level regions ( e. g. , Suzhou region and Ningbo region), while some urban areas (e. g. , Shanghai and Kunshan, Wuxi and Zhangjiagang) belonging to different prefecture-level regions have merged together. The growth rate of CO2 emission were quicker than the growth rate of population in the urban areas of the Yangtze River Delta region, where a 1% increase in population size is associated with a nearly proportional increase in CO2 emission of 1. 35%. This generally implies that the CO2 emission performance will degrade with the size of urban area increase. The main reason is the high variations of population size and development level of urban areas. The per capita emissions varied widely among urban areas when their population size is lower than 1 million, and keep stable and below 10. 00 t/person when population size is larger than 1 million.
