CAJ | 학술논문

近年来，由食源致病菌引起的食品安全问题越来越受到人们的重视，如何快速准确检测食品中是否存在食源致病菌是食品安全研究的热点问题。基于PCR检测食源致病菌的方法因快速且特异性强而被广泛应用，然而普通的PCR检测方法难以消除死菌残留DNA导致的假阳性结果，因而无法对致病菌进行准确检测。核酸交联剂是一种含有两个或两个以上烷基化官能团的烷基化试剂，目前，在食源致病菌检测中应用的核酸交联剂主要为EMA和PMA。核酸交联剂通过一定方式的诱导可选择性的透过死菌的细胞膜并与DNA产生共价交联，从而强有力的抑制死菌DNA的PCR扩增，达到鉴别死菌和活菌的效果。本文就核酸交联剂在食源致病菌活菌检测中应用的研究进展进行了综述，以期能为相关研究者开发食源致病菌活菌检测方法提供参考。
근년래，유식원치병균인기적식품안전문제월래월수도인문적중시，여하쾌속준학검측식품중시부존재식원치병균시식품안전연구적열점문제。기우PCR검측식원치병균적방법인쾌속차특이성강이피엄범응용，연이보통적PCR검측방법난이소제사균잔류DNA도치적가양성결과，인이무법대치병균진행준학검측。핵산교련제시일충함유량개혹량개이상완기화관능단적완기화시제，목전，재식원치병균검측중응용적핵산교련제주요위EMA화PMA。핵산교련제통과일정방식적유도가선택성적투과사균적세포막병여DNA산생공개교련，종이강유력적억제사균DNA적PCR확증，체도감별사균화활균적효과。본문취핵산교련제재식원치병균활균검측중응용적연구진전진행료종술，이기능위상관연구자개발식원치병균활균검측방법제공삼고。
In recent years, food safety issues cause more and more people's attention by foodborne pathogens, and how to quickly and accurately detect the foodborne pathogens in food is a hot issue in food safety research. The methods based on PCR to detect foodborne pathogenic bacteria are widely used for its rapid and strong specificity, however, it is difficult to eliminate false positive results for regular PCR due to the interference of DNA from dead bacteria, and thus it is inability for accurate detection of viable bacteria. Nucleic acid cross-linking agent is a kind of alkylating agent containing two or more than two alkylation functional groups. At present, ethidium bromide monoazide (EMA) and propidium monoazide (PMA) are the most widely used nucleic acid cross-linking agent in the detection of viable foodborne pathogens. The nucleic acid cross-linking agent could selectively penetrate through dead bacteria cell membranes and covalent cross-link their DNA, thus eliminate false signal from the PCR amplification of dead bacteria. This paper reviewed the application of nucleic acid cross-linking agent in the detection of viable foodborne pathogens, with an aim to provide references for researchers to develop viable pathogen detection methods.