西部论坛
西部論罈
서부론단
Journal of Chongqing Technology and Business University (West Forum)
2015年
5期
1-11
,共11页
城乡二元化%隐性二元化%显性二元化%城乡消费差异%家庭消费%消费层次%家庭特征%消费偏好%消费环境%分位数分解
城鄉二元化%隱性二元化%顯性二元化%城鄉消費差異%傢庭消費%消費層次%傢庭特徵%消費偏好%消費環境%分位數分解
성향이원화%은성이원화%현성이원화%성향소비차이%가정소비%소비층차%가정특정%소비편호%소비배경%분위수분해
urban and rural consumption duality%implicit duality%explict duality%urban and rural consumption difference%household consumption%consumption level%household characteristics%consumption preference%consumption environment%quantile decomposition
将影响居民消费差异的因素分为由家庭特征代表的“显性因素”和由市场性因素及社会性因素代表的“隐性因素”，利用中国家庭金融调查与研究中心（CHFS）2011年全国调查数据，通过分位数回归模型测算各项影响因素在不同分位数水平下的城乡边际消费倾向，并采用 Blinder-Oaxaca 方法和分位数分解对城乡家庭消费差异及趋势进行实证分析，结果表明：农村家庭消费对收入的弹性明显高于城镇家庭，分位数越高，收入对消费的促进作用越小；显性因素是城乡消费差异的主要影响因素，且对不同消费水平城乡家庭的影响程度不同；城乡消费差异随分位数增加而减小，隐性因素作用的减弱是差异减小的主要原因。城乡消费二元化的形成，不仅仅是家庭特征代表的显性因素（收入、养老保障、年龄、受教育年限等）导致的，不同的社会经济环境所形成的隐性因素（偏好、习惯以及所处的发展阶段等）也是城乡消费二元化的重要原因和组成部分。
將影響居民消費差異的因素分為由傢庭特徵代錶的“顯性因素”和由市場性因素及社會性因素代錶的“隱性因素”，利用中國傢庭金融調查與研究中心（CHFS）2011年全國調查數據，通過分位數迴歸模型測算各項影響因素在不同分位數水平下的城鄉邊際消費傾嚮，併採用 Blinder-Oaxaca 方法和分位數分解對城鄉傢庭消費差異及趨勢進行實證分析，結果錶明：農村傢庭消費對收入的彈性明顯高于城鎮傢庭，分位數越高，收入對消費的促進作用越小；顯性因素是城鄉消費差異的主要影響因素，且對不同消費水平城鄉傢庭的影響程度不同；城鄉消費差異隨分位數增加而減小，隱性因素作用的減弱是差異減小的主要原因。城鄉消費二元化的形成，不僅僅是傢庭特徵代錶的顯性因素（收入、養老保障、年齡、受教育年限等）導緻的，不同的社會經濟環境所形成的隱性因素（偏好、習慣以及所處的髮展階段等）也是城鄉消費二元化的重要原因和組成部分。
장영향거민소비차이적인소분위유가정특정대표적“현성인소”화유시장성인소급사회성인소대표적“은성인소”，이용중국가정금융조사여연구중심（CHFS）2011년전국조사수거，통과분위수회귀모형측산각항영향인소재불동분위수수평하적성향변제소비경향，병채용 Blinder-Oaxaca 방법화분위수분해대성향가정소비차이급추세진행실증분석，결과표명：농촌가정소비대수입적탄성명현고우성진가정，분위수월고，수입대소비적촉진작용월소；현성인소시성향소비차이적주요영향인소，차대불동소비수평성향가정적영향정도불동；성향소비차이수분위수증가이감소，은성인소작용적감약시차이감소적주요원인。성향소비이원화적형성，불부부시가정특정대표적현성인소（수입、양로보장、년령、수교육년한등）도치적，불동적사회경제배경소형성적은성인소（편호、습관이급소처적발전계단등）야시성향소비이원화적중요원인화조성부분。
Factors affecting resident consumption are divided into explict factors represented by household characteristics and implicit factors represented by market factors and social factors.With the data of Chinese Household Finance Survey (CHFS)in 2011,this paper utilizes quantile regression model to measure the various factors’marginal propensity to consume in different quantile levels,and applies Blinder-Oaxaca method and quantile decomposition to explore the difference and trend between urban and rural households consumption.The empirical analysis shows that the elasticity of rural household consumption to income is obviously higher than that of urban households,and the higher the quantile is,the less the promoting effect of income on consumption is;explict factors are the main factors effecting urban and rural consumption difference,and the influence is different from household to household on consumption level both in urban and rural area;urban and rural consumption difference becomes less with the increase of quantile,and the weakening of implicit factors’effect is the main reseaon for the less difference.The urban and rural consumption duality is as a result of not only explict factors represented by household characteristics (income,pension scheme,age,years of schooling,etc.),but also implicit factors caused by different social and economic environment(preference,habit and the development stage).
