CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解宁波市流动儿童的溺水相关知、信、行水平，为制定相应的干预策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采取多阶段随机抽样方法选取8所民工子弟学校7760名中小学生进行了《宁波市学生溺水状况调查表》问卷。结果宁波市流动儿童的溺水相关知识知晓率为46.0％，正确信念持有率为77.9％，溺水高危行为发生率为10.0％，27.5％的学生自我报告至少有1种溺水高危行为。男生对“只要游泳水平高，单独游泳还是会发生溺水的”和“当遇同伴溺水，如果自己游泳水平高，下水救人还是危险的”等信念的持有率分别为83.4％和91.3％，均低于女生的87.6％（χ2＝26.40，P ＜0.01）和93.2％（χ2＝9.32，P ＜0.01）。男生的6种溺水高危行为发生率均高于女生，男女生各种溺水高危行为发生率在一年级的时候基本持平，但是在七八年级时差别达到了峰值。结论流动儿童的溺水相关认知水平低，溺水高危行为发生率高，需要对他们开展防溺水知识、风险识别、自我控制等方面的健康教育。
목적：료해저파시류동인동적닉수상관지、신、행수평，위제정상응적간예책략화조시제공과학의거。방법채취다계단수궤추양방법선취8소민공자제학교7760명중소학생진행료《저파시학생닉수상황조사표》문권。결과저파시류동인동적닉수상관지식지효솔위46.0％，정학신념지유솔위77.9％，닉수고위행위발생솔위10.0％，27.5％적학생자아보고지소유1충닉수고위행위。남생대“지요유영수평고，단독유영환시회발생닉수적”화“당우동반닉수，여과자기유영수평고，하수구인환시위험적”등신념적지유솔분별위83.4％화91.3％，균저우녀생적87.6％（χ2＝26.40，P ＜0.01）화93.2％（χ2＝9.32，P ＜0.01）。남생적6충닉수고위행위발생솔균고우녀생，남녀생각충닉수고위행위발생솔재일년급적시후기본지평，단시재칠팔년급시차별체도료봉치。결론류동인동적닉수상관인지수평저，닉수고위행위발생솔고，수요대타문개전방닉수지식、풍험식별、자아공제등방면적건강교육。
Objective To understand the level of drowning-related knowledge,attitude and behavior among the floating children in Ningbo City,and provide scientific evidences for developing preventive strategies.Methods 7760 students from 1 st -9th grade in 8 schools for migrant workers’children were recruited by multi-stage random sampling and all data were collected by the self-reported questionnaires.Results Among the floating students,the awareness rate and correct attitude rate was 46.0% and 77.9%,respectively,and the incidence rate of drowning-related high-risk behavior was 10.0%.There were 27.5% of students who self-reported more than one drowning-related high-risk behavior.83.4% of male students believed swimming alone was dangerous even if swimming skill was good,which was lower than that of female students (87.6%,χ2 =26.40,P <0.01).91.3% of male students believed saving others in water was dangerous even if swimming skill was good, which was lower than that of female counterparts (93.2%,χ2 =9.32,P <0.01).The incidence rates of 6 drowning-related high-risk behaviors among the male were all higher than the female.The gap of incidences rate of high-risk behavior between different genders was narrow extremely in the 1 st grade and big in the 7th and 8th grades.Conclusion Low level of drowning-re-lated knowledge and high level of high-risk behavior occurred in the floating children,who needed essential health education for improving knowledge on water safety,skill of risk estimation and ability to self-control.