CAJ | 학술논문

目的：本研究的目的是调查日本和中国失能老人主要照顾者的赋权能力和自我效能,并探讨其与老人日常生活活动能力的关系。方法在10所日本医疗机构和3所中国医疗机构中分别选择了活动时需要照顾的65岁以上老人及其照顾者200对为调查对象。采用主要照顾者赋权能力量表( MCEM)和自我效能量表,测量照顾者的赋权能力和自我效能水平。同时以失能老人为对象,采用“日常生活活动量表”(ADL)评价其自理能力。结果中国失能老人平均年龄(71.9±6.7)岁,小于日本失能老人(83.2±7.9)岁；中国老人的ADL水平较高。中日两国照顾者的MCEM和自我效能得分均处于中等偏上水平。失能老人的ADL得分与照顾者的MCEM和自我效能得分之间呈正相关关系( r值分别为0.29,0.25；P<0.01)。结论中日两国照顾者的赋权能力和自我效能处于中上水平,与被照顾者的日常生活活动能力水平有正相关关系,此为开展针对照顾者的护理干预提供了新的启示。
목적：본연구적목적시조사일본화중국실능노인주요조고자적부권능력화자아효능,병탐토기여노인일상생활활동능력적관계。방법재10소일본의료궤구화3소중국의료궤구중분별선택료활동시수요조고적65세이상노인급기조고자200대위조사대상。채용주요조고자부권능역량표( MCEM)화자아효능량표,측량조고자적부권능력화자아효능수평。동시이실능노인위대상,채용“일상생활활동량표”(ADL)평개기자리능력。결과중국실능노인평균년령(71.9±6.7)세,소우일본실능노인(83.2±7.9)세；중국노인적ADL수평교고。중일량국조고자적MCEM화자아효능득분균처우중등편상수평。실능노인적ADL득분여조고자적MCEM화자아효능득분지간정정상관관계( r치분별위0.29,0.25；P<0.01)。결론중일량국조고자적부권능력화자아효능처우중상수평,여피조고자적일상생활활동능력수평유정상관관계,차위개전침대조고자적호리간예제공료신적계시。
Objective To investigate the level of Chinese and Japanese main caregivers′ empowerment and self-efficacy, and to explore the relationship between empowerment, self-efficacy and activities of daily living ( ADL) among disabled elderly. Methods A total of 200 disabled elderly who were over 65 years old and their caregivers from 10 medical institutes in Japan and 3 in China completed main caregivers′ empowerment measurement (MCEM), self-efficacy scale (SES), and ADL scale. Results Average age of Chinese elderly was 11 years old younger than Japanese [(71. 9 ± 6. 7) years vs (83. 2 ± 7. 9) years], and the level of ADL in Chinese elderly was higher than Japanese. MCEM and SES score of Chinese and Japanese caregivers were above average. There were positive relationships between ADL of elderly and caregiver′s MCEM score and SE score ( r=0. 29,0. 25;P <0. 01). Caregivers with higher MCEM score, the elderly they took care had higher level of ADL. Conclusions The level of empowerment and self-efficacy for Japanese and Chinese caregivers are above average, and have positive correlation with the patients′ ADL level, so as to provide a inspiration of targeted nursing intervention for main caregivers.