干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
Agricultural Research In The Arid Areas
2015年
5期
108-114
,共7页
王菲%王建宇%贺婧%王幼奇%王超
王菲%王建宇%賀婧%王幼奇%王超
왕비%왕건우%하청%왕유기%왕초
砂田%连作%土壤理化性质%土壤酶活性
砂田%連作%土壤理化性質%土壤酶活性
사전%련작%토양이화성질%토양매활성
gravel-sand mulched field%years of continuous cropping%soil physiochemical properties%soil enzyme activities
对宁夏兴仁镇红圈子村连作1a、3a、5a、7a、10a的压砂瓜田土壤酶活性和理化性质数据进行单因素方差分析、Pearson相关分析以及主成分分析，以探明随压砂瓜连作年限的增加砂田土壤质量的变化趋势，为提高宁夏中部干旱带砂田的可持续利用提供依据。结果表明：随连作年限的增加，土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、中性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性都逐渐下降，其中，脲酶、中性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性与土壤容重呈极显著负相关，与土壤总孔隙度表现出极显著正相关关系。土壤物理性质随连作年限的增加呈逐渐恶化趋势，土壤水分状况在连作5a最佳；土壤肥力状况也逐渐降低，土壤全盐含量明显降低。土壤质量综合主成分得分最高的是1a砂田为0．96，10a砂田得分最低为－0．8。连作5～7a表现出明显的连作障碍。因此，在砂田耕作的过程中必须进行科学合理的施肥与耕作，以保证砂田的持续利用。
對寧夏興仁鎮紅圈子村連作1a、3a、5a、7a、10a的壓砂瓜田土壤酶活性和理化性質數據進行單因素方差分析、Pearson相關分析以及主成分分析，以探明隨壓砂瓜連作年限的增加砂田土壤質量的變化趨勢，為提高寧夏中部榦旱帶砂田的可持續利用提供依據。結果錶明：隨連作年限的增加，土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、中性燐痠酶和過氧化氫酶活性都逐漸下降，其中，脲酶、中性燐痠酶和過氧化氫酶活性與土壤容重呈極顯著負相關，與土壤總孔隙度錶現齣極顯著正相關關繫。土壤物理性質隨連作年限的增加呈逐漸噁化趨勢，土壤水分狀況在連作5a最佳；土壤肥力狀況也逐漸降低，土壤全鹽含量明顯降低。土壤質量綜閤主成分得分最高的是1a砂田為0．96，10a砂田得分最低為－0．8。連作5～7a錶現齣明顯的連作障礙。因此，在砂田耕作的過程中必鬚進行科學閤理的施肥與耕作，以保證砂田的持續利用。
대저하흥인진홍권자촌련작1a、3a、5a、7a、10a적압사과전토양매활성화이화성질수거진행단인소방차분석、Pearson상관분석이급주성분분석，이탐명수압사과련작년한적증가사전토양질량적변화추세，위제고저하중부간한대사전적가지속이용제공의거。결과표명：수련작년한적증가，토양뇨매、자당매、중성린산매화과양화경매활성도축점하강，기중，뇨매、중성린산매화과양화경매활성여토양용중정겁현저부상관，여토양총공극도표현출겁현저정상관관계。토양물이성질수련작년한적증가정축점악화추세，토양수분상황재련작5a최가；토양비력상황야축점강저，토양전염함량명현강저。토양질량종합주성분득분최고적시1a사전위0．96，10a사전득분최저위－0．8。련작5～7a표현출명현적련작장애。인차，재사전경작적과정중필수진행과학합리적시비여경작，이보증사전적지속이용。
In order to improve the sustainable use of gravel-sand mulched fields in the arid area in central Ningxia , the soil enzyme activities and soil physiochemical properties of continuous cropping (1 a ,3 a ,5 a ,7 a ,10 a) were ex-amined in the soil cultivated with selenium-contained watermelon in Hong Juanzi Village ,Xingren County of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region .The resulting data was analyzed by the methods of One-Way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis ,providing the trend of sand soil quality upon the increase of years of continu-ous cropping .The results showed that activities of soil enzymes (urease ,neutral phosphatase ,invertase ,and catalase ) displayed declining trends with the increase of years of continuous cropping .Those of urease , invertase and catalase showed significant negative correlations with soil bulk density , but exhibited significant positive correlations with soil porosity .Soil physical properties turned to be poor quality gradually with the increase of years of continuous cropping , and soil moisture reached a maximum value in 5 years of continuous cropping .Soil fertility became decreased gradually and the contents of total salt were decreased significantly .The highest comprehensive score of soil quality was 0 .96 in 1 year ,and the lowest was -0 .8 in 10 years .There was an obvious obstacle of continuous cropping between 5 years and 7 years .Therefore ,to ensure the sustainable use of sand soil ,scientific and rational fertilization and tillage needed to be carried out .
