干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
Agricultural Research In The Arid Areas
2015年
5期
85-89
,共5页
水分胁迫%玉米%全膜双垄沟播%生理特性
水分脅迫%玉米%全膜雙壟溝播%生理特性
수분협박%옥미%전막쌍롱구파%생리특성
water stress%maize%whole plastic film mulching on double ridges and planting in catchment furrows%physiological characteristics
在甘肃榆中大田条件下，研究了水分胁迫对全膜双垄沟播玉米叶片保护酶系活性、膜脂过氧化、根系活力、光合速率及产量的影响。结果表明，玉米生育前中期水分胁迫使超氧化物歧化酶（SOD ）、过氧化氢酶（CAT ）、过氧化物酶（POD ）活性大幅度增加，随干旱持续和强度加剧，使SOD、CAT、POD活性降低，叶片丙二醛（MDA ）含量增加。播后126 d ，严重水分胁迫处理的SOD、CAT、POD活性分别降低到充分供水处理的61．2％、62．5％和76．1％， MDA含量较充分供水处理增加18．4％。短期水分胁迫能提高玉米根系活力，但随着受旱时间延长根系活力迅速下降。水分胁迫使玉米光合产物合成与转运量显著下降，致使百粒重、穗粒数和收获指数分别降低15．1％、54．1％和47．4％，减产达45．7％。
在甘肅榆中大田條件下，研究瞭水分脅迫對全膜雙壟溝播玉米葉片保護酶繫活性、膜脂過氧化、根繫活力、光閤速率及產量的影響。結果錶明，玉米生育前中期水分脅迫使超氧化物歧化酶（SOD ）、過氧化氫酶（CAT ）、過氧化物酶（POD ）活性大幅度增加，隨榦旱持續和彊度加劇，使SOD、CAT、POD活性降低，葉片丙二醛（MDA ）含量增加。播後126 d ，嚴重水分脅迫處理的SOD、CAT、POD活性分彆降低到充分供水處理的61．2％、62．5％和76．1％， MDA含量較充分供水處理增加18．4％。短期水分脅迫能提高玉米根繫活力，但隨著受旱時間延長根繫活力迅速下降。水分脅迫使玉米光閤產物閤成與轉運量顯著下降，緻使百粒重、穗粒數和收穫指數分彆降低15．1％、54．1％和47．4％，減產達45．7％。
재감숙유중대전조건하，연구료수분협박대전막쌍롱구파옥미협편보호매계활성、막지과양화、근계활력、광합속솔급산량적영향。결과표명，옥미생육전중기수분협박사초양화물기화매（SOD ）、과양화경매（CAT ）、과양화물매（POD ）활성대폭도증가，수간한지속화강도가극，사SOD、CAT、POD활성강저，협편병이철（MDA ）함량증가。파후126 d ，엄중수분협박처리적SOD、CAT、POD활성분별강저도충분공수처리적61．2％、62．5％화76．1％， MDA함량교충분공수처리증가18．4％。단기수분협박능제고옥미근계활력，단수착수한시간연장근계활력신속하강。수분협박사옥미광합산물합성여전운량현저하강，치사백립중、수립수화수획지수분별강저15．1％、54．1％화47．4％，감산체45．7％。
A field research was conducted in Yuzhong ,Gansu ,to investigate the influences of different levels of moisture on protective enzyme activities , lipid peroxidation , root activity , photosynthetic rate and yield . The results showed that the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD ) ,catalase (CAT ) ,and peoxidase (POD ) in leaves were in-creased during early and middle growth stages under water stress .With the pretension and enhanced levels of drought stress ,activities of SOD ,CAT ,and POD were decreased rapidly ,while the content of malondialdehyde (MDA ) in leaves became increased .After 126 days since sowing ,compared to full water supply (FW) ,SOD ,CAT and POD activities under serious water stress (SW ) treatment were decreased to 61 .2% ,62 .5% and 76 .1% ,respectively ,and the con-tent of MDA was increased by 18 .4% .Root activity of maize was improved under short-term water stress .With the dura-tion of water stress continued ,root activity went decreased rapidly .Synthesis of photosynthate and transportation level be-came decreased significantly under water stress ,which led to the decreases of 100-grain weight ,number per spike ,har-vest index and grain yield by 15 .1% ,54 .1% ,47 .4% ,respectively resulting in yield loss of 45 .7% .
