CAJ | 학술논문

运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法对端午龙舟竞渡的起源进行考证。龙舟与鸟的关系比龙舟与龙的关系更早，龙舟的前身是鸟龙舟，集祭祀神器、巫术法器和娱乐工具等功能为一体；提出了“东汉时期端午纪念屈原的过程中产生了竞渡”的假说，起源地点在荆楚汨罗；端午竞渡先于端午龙舟竞渡；祭祀屈原、仲夏端午习俗都是竞渡产生的外部环境，内部原因实为地方主义竞争；确切的龙舟造型始于东汉，仅作为神仙坐骑，现实竞渡中仍使用鸟龙舟；确切的龙舟用于竞渡始于唐代初期，举办时间主要在端午节；竞渡用龙舟的理由是因为龙的显著地位及其象征意义；端午竞渡纪念屈原说早于纪念伍子胥、勾践、曹娥等说法。
운용문헌자료법、라집분석법대단오룡주경도적기원진행고증。룡주여조적관계비룡주여룡적관계경조，룡주적전신시조룡주，집제사신기、무술법기화오악공구등공능위일체；제출료“동한시기단오기념굴원적과정중산생료경도”적가설，기원지점재형초골라；단오경도선우단오룡주경도；제사굴원、중하단오습속도시경도산생적외부배경，내부원인실위지방주의경쟁；학절적룡주조형시우동한，부작위신선좌기，현실경도중잉사용조룡주；학절적룡주용우경도시우당대초기，거판시간주요재단오절；경도용룡주적이유시인위룡적현저지위급기상정의의；단오경도기념굴원설조우기념오자서、구천、조아등설법。
Through a literature study and logic analysis,the paper investigates the origin of dragon boating. The research shows that the relationship between the dragon boat and the bird has an earlier origin than that between the boat and the dragon,and that the predecessor of the dragon boat is the bird-dragon boat,which functions as a ritual artifact,a magic talisman and an entertainment tool. We hypothesize that boating on the Double Fifth Festival came into existence in the Eastern Han Dynasty during commemorations of Qu Yuan,with the location being in Miluo in Chu. This boating is earlier than the Dragon Boating. However,the worship of Qu Yuan and the customs of the Double Fifth Festival were only the ex-ternal environment of the boating. The internal condition was localist competition. A real dragon boat began to be built in the East Han Dynasty,but was only reserved for god riding. In reality people still used the bird-dragon boat. The use of the real dragon boat began in the early Tang Dynasty,mainly on the Double Fifth Festival. The reason for the use of the dragon boat lies in the dragon’s significant status and its symbolic meaning. The legend of commemoration of Qu Yuan is earlier than that of commemoration of Wu Zixu,Gou Jian and Cao E.