干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
Agricultural Research In The Arid Areas
2015年
5期
58-62
,共5页
种植模式%花铃期%生长发育%衣分%产量%纤维品质
種植模式%花鈴期%生長髮育%衣分%產量%纖維品質
충식모식%화령기%생장발육%의분%산량%섬유품질
cropping patterns%blooming period%growth and development%lint percentage%yield%fiber quality
本研究旨在通过大田试验，分析塔里木地区不同枣棉间作间距对花铃期棉花生长发育以及品质的影响，为优化枣棉间作种植模式提供理论依据。结果表明：①棉花与红枣行间距主要影响棉花盛铃－吐絮进程。M1模式（距离红枣1．5 m处种植棉花）棉花生育期最短，为143 d；M3模式（距离红枣0．5 m处种植棉花）最长，为149 d。②花铃期，M2模式（距离红枣1．0 m处种植棉花）株高、茎粗、成铃数均优于其他模式。③M1模式棉花叶片、茎秆干物质积累显著高于其他模式。④M1模式棉花产量为2436．79 kg·hm－2，显著低于其他处理，但是衣分率（0．447）、霜前花率（83．24％）显著高于其他处理；M2模式籽棉产量为4071．87 kg·hm－2，显著高于其他处理。⑤随棉花与红枣行间距的减小（M1→M3），棉纤维反射率小幅上升，断裂比强度、马克隆值呈降低趋势。结合生产实际，阿拉尔垦区幼龄枣园中棉花与红枣保持1．0m距离，能够产生较高的经济效益。
本研究旨在通過大田試驗，分析塔裏木地區不同棘棉間作間距對花鈴期棉花生長髮育以及品質的影響，為優化棘棉間作種植模式提供理論依據。結果錶明：①棉花與紅棘行間距主要影響棉花盛鈴－吐絮進程。M1模式（距離紅棘1．5 m處種植棉花）棉花生育期最短，為143 d；M3模式（距離紅棘0．5 m處種植棉花）最長，為149 d。②花鈴期，M2模式（距離紅棘1．0 m處種植棉花）株高、莖粗、成鈴數均優于其他模式。③M1模式棉花葉片、莖稈榦物質積纍顯著高于其他模式。④M1模式棉花產量為2436．79 kg·hm－2，顯著低于其他處理，但是衣分率（0．447）、霜前花率（83．24％）顯著高于其他處理；M2模式籽棉產量為4071．87 kg·hm－2，顯著高于其他處理。⑤隨棉花與紅棘行間距的減小（M1→M3），棉纖維反射率小幅上升，斷裂比彊度、馬剋隆值呈降低趨勢。結閤生產實際，阿拉爾墾區幼齡棘園中棉花與紅棘保持1．0m距離，能夠產生較高的經濟效益。
본연구지재통과대전시험，분석탑리목지구불동조면간작간거대화령기면화생장발육이급품질적영향，위우화조면간작충식모식제공이론의거。결과표명：①면화여홍조행간거주요영향면화성령－토서진정。M1모식（거리홍조1．5 m처충식면화）면화생육기최단，위143 d；M3모식（거리홍조0．5 m처충식면화）최장，위149 d。②화령기，M2모식（거리홍조1．0 m처충식면화）주고、경조、성령수균우우기타모식。③M1모식면화협편、경간간물질적루현저고우기타모식。④M1모식면화산량위2436．79 kg·hm－2，현저저우기타처리，단시의분솔（0．447）、상전화솔（83．24％）현저고우기타처리；M2모식자면산량위4071．87 kg·hm－2，현저고우기타처리。⑤수면화여홍조행간거적감소（M1→M3），면섬유반사솔소폭상승，단렬비강도、마극륭치정강저추세。결합생산실제，아랍이은구유령조완중면화여홍조보지1．0m거리，능구산생교고적경제효익。
To study the effects of different intercropping planting patterns on growth and quality of cotton ,a field experiment was carried out to provide theoretical basis for optimizing intercropping practice .The results showed that line spacing between cotton and date plants impacted mainly the process of boll to boll opening .Growth period (143 days ) of M1 (jujube and cotton distance 1 .5 m ) was the shortest ,and that (149 days ) of M3 (jujube and cotton distance 0 .5 m ) was the longest .In addition ,during the blooming period ,plant height ,stem diameter ,and the number of boll of M2 (ju-jube and cotton distance 1 .0 m ) were better than those of other modes .Also ,leaf and stem dry matter accumulations of M1 were significantly higher than those of other modes .Moreover ,seed cotton yield of M1 was 2 436 .79 kg·hm-2 ,sig-nificantly lower than that with other treatments ,but lint percentage (0 .447 ) and cotton before frost (83 .24% ) were sig-nificantly higher than those of other treatments .Seed cotton yield of M2 was 4 071 .87 kg · hm-2 , significantly higher than that with other modes .With the decrease of line spacing between cotton and date ,reflectivity of cotton fiber became increased slightly ,while breaking strength and micronaire were decreased .In conclusion ,in combination with production practice ,a cultivation distance of 1 .0 m between cotton and young jujube orchard plants could improve economic effi-ciency .
