CAJ | 학술논문

对中国傩的源生与流变问题的探讨，有助于我们深入理解古傩的文化内涵和学术意义。中国傩源起于自然崇拜，“”的初始原型当为禳星祈福的女巫，是远古星宿崇拜的一种反映。禳星祈福的女巫是古代方相氏的最初形貌。中国傩在距今约二万年前甚至更早时期便有可能产生。傩由北向南迁移是与图腾崇拜有关，“”与“隹”“鸟”的结合是太阳图腾崇拜、鸟图腾崇拜的历史印证，是稻作农耕文化的内在要求。驱“”巫仪是鬼神崇拜的产物，方相氏在驱“”仪式中以巫的角色担负着驱疫恶鬼禳解邪祟的使命。道、佛的兴起与发展丰富了中国傩仪、傩舞的形式与内容，推动了傩戏的产生。
대중국나적원생여류변문제적탐토，유조우아문심입리해고나적문화내함화학술의의。중국나원기우자연숭배，“”적초시원형당위양성기복적녀무，시원고성숙숭배적일충반영。양성기복적녀무시고대방상씨적최초형모。중국나재거금약이만년전심지경조시기편유가능산생。나유북향남천이시여도등숭배유관，“”여“추”“조”적결합시태양도등숭배、조도등숭배적역사인증，시도작농경문화적내재요구。구“”무의시귀신숭배적산물，방상씨재구“”의식중이무적각색담부착구역악귀양해사수적사명。도、불적흥기여발전봉부료중국나의、나무적형식여내용，추동료나희적산생。
A probe into the origin and evolution of Chinese Nuo helps understand the cultural connotation and academic significance of ancient Nuo. Chinese Nuo originates from nature worship. The prototype of“ ”(Nuo) is a blessing witch, who reflects the constellation worship in remote antiquity. The witch is the initial mor?phology of Fangxiangshi, an official position, in ancient times. Chinese probably came into being about twenty thousand years ago or even earlier. The transfer of Nuo from north to south is related to the totem worship. The combination of“ ”(Nuo) ,“隹”(Zhui)and“鸟”(Niao) is the historical identification of solar totem worship and bird totem worship, and the intrinsic requirements of rice growing and farming culture. The exorcism ceremony is the outcome of spirits worship, in which Fangxiangshi, as a witch, assumes the mission to expel evil spirits. The rise and development of Taoism and Buddhism enriches the forms and content of Chinese Nuo ceremony and Nuo dance, and promotes the emergence of Nuo Opera.