CAJ | 학술논문

美国推进全民创客行动的进程中，非常重视社区创客空间的建设，并积极动员全美各地区、各社区重视将创客行动纳入区域与社区的发展计划，众多社区创客空间明确提出自身所担负的教育责任。基于对美国若干社区创客空间建设目标与运行方式的分析，本文探析了作为社区创客教育主要载体的创客空间的发展动力、功用与应用。研究发现，技术与社会的发展是美国社区创客空间发展的根本动力，全美创客行动的深化实践则是美国社区创客空间发展的基本依托。在功用维度，美国社区创客空间具有培养社区成员创造创新能力、提升社区成员创业就业技能的教育功用，同时又具有创生就业创业机会、促进社区经济发展的经济功用；在应用维度，美国社区创客空间主要通过精心规划功能区支持多样化创客活动、采用适当的运行形式、多途径开展创客教育、多方位促进创客空间高效利用等实现并优化空间的应用。
미국추진전민창객행동적진정중，비상중시사구창객공간적건설，병적겁동원전미각지구、각사구중시장창객행동납입구역여사구적발전계화，음다사구창객공간명학제출자신소담부적교육책임。기우대미국약간사구창객공간건설목표여운행방식적분석，본문탐석료작위사구창객교육주요재체적창객공간적발전동력、공용여응용。연구발현，기술여사회적발전시미국사구창객공간발전적근본동력，전미창객행동적심화실천칙시미국사구창객공간발전적기본의탁。재공용유도，미국사구창객공간구유배양사구성원창조창신능력、제승사구성원창업취업기능적교육공용，동시우구유창생취업창업궤회、촉진사구경제발전적경제공용；재응용유도，미국사구창객공간주요통과정심규화공능구지지다양화창객활동、채용괄당적운행형식、다도경개전창객교육、다방위촉진창객공간고효이용등실현병우화공간적응용。
In the United States, most research on maker education have been on how to innovate and enhance school education based on “Learning by Making”. However, in practice, the construction and application of community makerspaces have been highlighted and all districts and communities are required to consider integrating maker move-ment into local development. Most community makerspaces in the United States recognize themselves as educational or-ganizations for community makers. This study discusses the driving forces, functions and applications of community makerspaces in the USA. The analysis shows that, the development of modern society and economy is the fundamental driving forces for community makerspace development, and the acceleration of maker movement facilitates the growth of community makerspaces. As for functions, a community makerspace not only serves as community maker education for the cultivation of community creativity and entrepreneurship, but also promotes community economy growth and im-proves the living quality of community members. The effective application of community makerspaces depends on delib-erate design of function areas, suitable running and management modes, various maker education implementation methods, and intentional supports and promotion strategies.