CAJ | 학술논문

在民事诉讼中，对于一方当事人所主张的事实，对方当事人可以采取否认、不知、自认、沉默等一种或数种态度。否认有消极否认与积极否认之分。与消极否认相比，积极否认能促进当事人之间争点的形成，对于案件审理的集中化以及促进当事人之间和解大有裨益。我国应当采用单独制订条文的方式直接确立当事人积极否认义务。同时，我国应当强化当事人本人出庭制度，在借鉴德国学说的基础上以一般义务说作为积极否认义务的适用范围，并将当事人违背积极否认义务的否认行为视为无效，从而发生拟制自认的法律效果。
재민사소송중，대우일방당사인소주장적사실，대방당사인가이채취부인、불지、자인、침묵등일충혹수충태도。부인유소겁부인여적겁부인지분。여소겁부인상비，적겁부인능촉진당사인지간쟁점적형성，대우안건심리적집중화이급촉진당사인지간화해대유비익。아국응당채용단독제정조문적방식직접학립당사인적겁부인의무。동시，아국응당강화당사인본인출정제도，재차감덕국학설적기출상이일반의무설작위적겁부인의무적괄용범위，병장당사인위배적겁부인의무적부인행위시위무효，종이발생의제자인적법률효과。
In civil proceedings, when one party makes an assertion of fact, the opposite party can respond by denying the assertion, asserting having no knowledge, admitting the assertion, or keeping silence. The denial of the assertion can be made either passively or actively. Comparing with passive denial, the active denial is more productive in formulating the disputing point, concentrating the trial proceeding and promoting the reconciliation between the parties. In our country, we should enact speciifc provisions to enforce the party’s obligation in raising active denial. We also should establish a system that would encourage the parties attending the trial. Based on the German theory of general obligation, we could establish the applicable scope of active denial obligations. Meanwhile, the opposite party’s denials made in the form other than active denial ought to be deemed as invalid and in consequence the legal effect of the quasi admission is identiifed.