证据科学
證據科學
증거과학
Evidence Science
2015年
4期
431-439
,共9页
证明妨碍%证明妨碍推定%正当程序%发现真实
證明妨礙%證明妨礙推定%正噹程序%髮現真實
증명방애%증명방애추정%정당정서%발현진실
Spoliation of evidence%Spoliation inference%Due process%Finding the truth
自1722年英国法院创立证明妨碍推定措施以来，证明妨碍推定一直是英美法院通常的证明妨碍制裁或者救济方法。不过近年来学者对美国的证明妨碍推定之适用在多方面提出了异议，包括其是否促进发现真实、是否有助于证明妨碍规制制度的目标实现、是否有助于诉讼程序的顺利进行等等。偏爱证明妨碍推定的美国司法实践或含蓄或直接地回应了理论上的批判。关注证明妨碍推定的理论与证明妨碍推定的美国实践，可能在较大程度上促进我国证明妨碍推定的研究与适用。
自1722年英國法院創立證明妨礙推定措施以來，證明妨礙推定一直是英美法院通常的證明妨礙製裁或者救濟方法。不過近年來學者對美國的證明妨礙推定之適用在多方麵提齣瞭異議，包括其是否促進髮現真實、是否有助于證明妨礙規製製度的目標實現、是否有助于訴訟程序的順利進行等等。偏愛證明妨礙推定的美國司法實踐或含蓄或直接地迴應瞭理論上的批判。關註證明妨礙推定的理論與證明妨礙推定的美國實踐，可能在較大程度上促進我國證明妨礙推定的研究與適用。
자1722년영국법원창립증명방애추정조시이래，증명방애추정일직시영미법원통상적증명방애제재혹자구제방법。불과근년래학자대미국적증명방애추정지괄용재다방면제출료이의，포괄기시부촉진발현진실、시부유조우증명방애규제제도적목표실현、시부유조우소송정서적순리진행등등。편애증명방애추정적미국사법실천혹함축혹직접지회응료이론상적비판。관주증명방애추정적이론여증명방애추정적미국실천，가능재교대정도상촉진아국증명방애추정적연구여괄용。
The spoliation presumption, since it was established by the British courts in 1722, has always been applied by the American and British courts to impose sanctions or provide relief. But scholars raise doubts about the application of spoliation inference from various aspects. These doubts include whether the spoliation inference could promote the truth ifnding, whether the spoliation could assist to accomplish the goal of the spoliation institution, and whether the spoliation could smooth the civil proceeding. But such critiques are declined either directly or implicitly by the U.S. courts’ preferring application of the spoliation presumption. Paying close attention to both the theory and the practice of the U.S. law of spoliation might improve the research and the application of the spoliation inference in China.
