干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
Agricultural Research In The Arid Areas
2015年
5期
140-146
,共7页
棉花%灌溉%生长发育%灌溉水生产力%抗旱性评价
棉花%灌溉%生長髮育%灌溉水生產力%抗旱性評價
면화%관개%생장발육%관개수생산력%항한성평개
cotton%irrigation%growth and development%irrigation water productivity%drought evaluation
以陇棉1号、陇棉2号、陇棉3号、酒棉11号、酒棉15号、酒棉17号、新陆早39、新陆早48、硕丰2号、耕野6号、金垦108号等11个适宜甘肃河西走廊棉区种植的棉花品种为材料，在大田条件下研究了全生育期4800（I1）、3600（I2）、2400（I3）、1200 m3· hm－2（I4）不同灌溉水平对棉花生长发育的影响，分析了在不同灌溉条件下的棉花产量及灌溉水生产力，并用抗旱性综合评价D值法及抗旱指数法对参试棉花品种（系）进行了抗旱性评价。结果表明：大部分棉花品种的株高、果枝数、单株铃数、铃重、绒长、单株干重及籽棉产量在轻度的水分胁迫下增加，但在重度的水分胁迫下显著降低；所有棉花品种在I3灌溉水平下其灌溉水生产力最高，硕丰2号、新陆早48、酒棉11号、陇棉1号、陇棉3号、陇棉2号的最佳灌溉条件为I3，其产量与灌溉水生产力均达到最高，酒棉15号、新陆早39最佳灌溉条件为I2，耕野6号、金垦108号、酒棉17号在充足灌水条件下籽棉产量最高，但灌溉水生产力低；酒棉17号、陇棉3号为高抗旱品种，硕丰2号、耕野6号为中抗旱品种，新陆早48、陇棉1号、陇棉2号、金垦108号为弱抗旱品种，新陆早39、酒棉11、酒棉15号对干旱较为敏感。
以隴棉1號、隴棉2號、隴棉3號、酒棉11號、酒棉15號、酒棉17號、新陸早39、新陸早48、碩豐2號、耕野6號、金墾108號等11箇適宜甘肅河西走廊棉區種植的棉花品種為材料，在大田條件下研究瞭全生育期4800（I1）、3600（I2）、2400（I3）、1200 m3· hm－2（I4）不同灌溉水平對棉花生長髮育的影響，分析瞭在不同灌溉條件下的棉花產量及灌溉水生產力，併用抗旱性綜閤評價D值法及抗旱指數法對參試棉花品種（繫）進行瞭抗旱性評價。結果錶明：大部分棉花品種的株高、果枝數、單株鈴數、鈴重、絨長、單株榦重及籽棉產量在輕度的水分脅迫下增加，但在重度的水分脅迫下顯著降低；所有棉花品種在I3灌溉水平下其灌溉水生產力最高，碩豐2號、新陸早48、酒棉11號、隴棉1號、隴棉3號、隴棉2號的最佳灌溉條件為I3，其產量與灌溉水生產力均達到最高，酒棉15號、新陸早39最佳灌溉條件為I2，耕野6號、金墾108號、酒棉17號在充足灌水條件下籽棉產量最高，但灌溉水生產力低；酒棉17號、隴棉3號為高抗旱品種，碩豐2號、耕野6號為中抗旱品種，新陸早48、隴棉1號、隴棉2號、金墾108號為弱抗旱品種，新陸早39、酒棉11、酒棉15號對榦旱較為敏感。
이롱면1호、롱면2호、롱면3호、주면11호、주면15호、주면17호、신륙조39、신륙조48、석봉2호、경야6호、금은108호등11개괄의감숙하서주랑면구충식적면화품충위재료，재대전조건하연구료전생육기4800（I1）、3600（I2）、2400（I3）、1200 m3· hm－2（I4）불동관개수평대면화생장발육적영향，분석료재불동관개조건하적면화산량급관개수생산력，병용항한성종합평개D치법급항한지수법대삼시면화품충（계）진행료항한성평개。결과표명：대부분면화품충적주고、과지수、단주령수、령중、융장、단주간중급자면산량재경도적수분협박하증가，단재중도적수분협박하현저강저；소유면화품충재I3관개수평하기관개수생산력최고，석봉2호、신륙조48、주면11호、롱면1호、롱면3호、롱면2호적최가관개조건위I3，기산량여관개수생산력균체도최고，주면15호、신륙조39최가관개조건위I2，경야6호、금은108호、주면17호재충족관수조건하자면산량최고，단관개수생산력저；주면17호、롱면3호위고항한품충，석봉2호、경야6호위중항한품충，신륙조48、롱면1호、롱면2호、금은108호위약항한품충，신륙조39、주면11、주면15호대간한교위민감。
Eleven suitable cotton (Gossypium hiristurum) cultivars in Hexi area of Gansu ,Longmian No .1 ,Long-mian No .2 ,Longmian No .3 ,Jiumian No .11 ,Jiumian No .15 ,Jiumian No .17 ,Xinluzao No .39 ,Xinluzao No .48 , Shuofeng No .2 ,Gengye No .6 and Jinkeng No .108 were used to study the effects of different irrigation volumes including 4800 m3·hm-2(Ⅰ1) ,3600 m3·hm-2(Ⅰ2) ,2400 m3·hm-2(Ⅰ3) ,1200 m3·hm-2(Ⅰ4) during the entire growth period on growth and development of cotton under field conditions .The yield and irrigation water productivity of cotton were analyzed and the drought resistance of those cultivars were also evaluated by comprehensive evaluation by D method and resistance index method . The results showed that the plant height , number of fruiting branch , boll number per plant ,single boll weight ,fuzz length ,dry mass and seed cotton yield of most cotton cultivars became increased with mild water stress ,but went decreased significantly under severe water stress .The irrigation water productivity of all the culti-vars was highest at the I3 level .I3 level was the best irrigation condition for Shuofeng No .2 ,Xinluzao No .48 ,Jiumian No .11 ,Longmian No .1 ,Longmian No .3 ,and Longmian No .2 ,resulting in the highest yield and productivity .I2 level was the best irrigation practice for Jiumian No .15 ,Xinluzao No .39 ,Gengye No .6 ,Jinkeng No .108 ,and Jiumian No . 17 ,causing highest yield under sufficient irrigation conditions ,but the irrigation water productivity was low .Jiumian No . 17 and Longmian No .3 were highly resistant cultivars to drought ;Shuofeng No .2 and Gengye No .6 were moderate resis-tant cultivars;Xinluzao No .48 ,Longmian No .1 ,Longmian No .2 ,Jinkeng No .108 were weak drought resistant culti-vars;and Xinluzao No .39 ,Jiumian No .11 and Jiumian No .15 were sensitive to the drought .
