CAJ | 학술논문

目的:调查人群对精神病患者的歧视状况,探讨其影响因素及降低歧视的策略. 方法:采用歧视精神疾病患者评估量表对公众进行问卷调查. 结果:1864名调查对象歧视量表总分与常模无显著差异( P>0 .05 ). 除能力维度评分外,家属、护士及学生3组人群对精神病患者的歧视总分、隔离维度以及危险维度评分存在显著差异(F=30 .765 ,51 .447 ,21 .260;P<0 .001 ). 护士和毕业班学生对精神病患者的歧视总分、隔离维度、危险维度评分均显著高于患者家属(F=21.260,P<0.001). 护士的隔离维度评分显著高于毕业班学生(F=51.447,P<0.001).对歧视量表总分的影响因素为调查对象类别,性别,年龄,文化程度,是否参加过精神、心理知识讲座,与精神病患者接触程度和生活联系程度. 结论:调查对象对精神病患者存在歧视,不同类别的调查对象对患者的歧视程度,歧视维度存在差异. 护士及学生对患者的歧视比家属更严重. 护士在社会交往方面的歧视态度或行为比学生更严重. 文化程度越高,参加过精神、心理知识讲座,与精神病患者接触越多,生活联系越紧密的调查对象对精神病患者的歧视程度越低.
목적:조사인군대정신병환자적기시상황,탐토기영향인소급강저기시적책략. 방법:채용기시정신질병환자평고량표대공음진행문권조사. 결과:1864명조사대상기시량표총분여상모무현저차이( P>0 .05 ). 제능력유도평분외,가속、호사급학생3조인군대정신병환자적기시총분、격리유도이급위험유도평분존재현저차이(F=30 .765 ,51 .447 ,21 .260;P<0 .001 ). 호사화필업반학생대정신병환자적기시총분、격리유도、위험유도평분균현저고우환자가속(F=21.260,P<0.001). 호사적격리유도평분현저고우필업반학생(F=51.447,P<0.001).대기시량표총분적영향인소위조사대상유별,성별,년령,문화정도,시부삼가과정신、심리지식강좌,여정신병환자접촉정도화생활련계정도. 결론:조사대상대정신병환자존재기시,불동유별적조사대상대환자적기시정도,기시유도존재차이. 호사급학생대환자적기시비가속경엄중. 호사재사회교왕방면적기시태도혹행위비학생경엄중. 문화정도월고,삼가과정신、심리지식강좌,여정신병환자접촉월다,생활련계월긴밀적조사대상대정신병환자적기시정도월저.
Objective:To investigate the public discrimination against patients with mental disorders , and explore its influencing factors and strategies of reducing discrimination.Methods:Using the assess-ment scale of discrimination against patients with mental disorders to assess discrimination attitude of the investigation objects.Results:There were no significant differences in total scores of the scale between the investigation objects and the norm.Except the ability dimension scores ,the three groups total scores of the scale , isolation dimension score and risk dimension score had significant differences ( F =30.765 , 51.447,21.260;P<0.001).As comparing to the patient's relatives,total scores of the scale,isolation di-mension scores ,dangerous dimension scores were significantly higher in nurses and students ( F=21.260 , P<0.001).Isolation dimension score of nurses was significantly higher than that of the students (F=51.447 ,P<0.001 ).Factors influencing the total score of the scale were type of investigation objects , gender,age, educational background , attended psychiatric/psychological lectures or not , contact degree and life connection degree to the patients with mental disorders.Conclusion:Discrimination against pa-tients with mental disorders by the public (relatives of psychiatric patients,nurses,and students)indeed exists.The degree of discrimination and discrimination dimensions are different in different investigation objects.Comparing to patient's relatives,nurses and students have serious discrimination against the pa-tients.Nurses have serious discrimination attitude in social communication than that of students.Patients with higher level of education ,having attended the psychiatric/psychological lectures ,with higher degree of contact,and with close life connection to the patients,will have less discrimination against the patients with mental disorders.