CAJ | 학술논문

目的：调查沈阳市重症监护病房护士职业暴露发生的现状，提出有针对性的管理对策与措施，为有效降低重症监护病房护士职业暴露的发生提供理论依据。方法自行设计问卷对沈阳市5所三级甲等医院211名重症监护病房护士职业暴露发生情况进行调查与分析。结果重症监护病房护士是护士群体中发生职业暴露的重点人群，职业暴露发生情况整体得分(31.42±10.12)分，发生情况以人体工效学、心理社会和组织因素(如频繁的倒班、不适当的搬运患者等)得分最高(13.08±3.54)分，其次是物理性职业暴露得分(6.44±2.05)分、生物性职业暴露得分(4.55±2.22)分、化学性职业暴露得分(4.39±1.21)分、事故性职业暴露得分(4.25±1.03)分。结论各级卫生行政部门及护理管理者应高度重视重症监护病房护士职业暴露的发生情况，坚持以人为本的管理理念，增加护士人力，加大防护设施的投入，强化护士职业防护的培训及监管，促进护理行为的改变，控制和减少重症监护病房护士职业暴露的发生。
목적：조사침양시중증감호병방호사직업폭로발생적현상，제출유침대성적관리대책여조시，위유효강저중증감호병방호사직업폭로적발생제공이론의거。방법자행설계문권대침양시5소삼급갑등의원211명중증감호병방호사직업폭로발생정황진행조사여분석。결과중증감호병방호사시호사군체중발생직업폭로적중점인군，직업폭로발생정황정체득분(31.42±10.12)분，발생정황이인체공효학、심리사회화조직인소(여빈번적도반、불괄당적반운환자등)득분최고(13.08±3.54)분，기차시물이성직업폭로득분(6.44±2.05)분、생물성직업폭로득분(4.55±2.22)분、화학성직업폭로득분(4.39±1.21)분、사고성직업폭로득분(4.25±1.03)분。결론각급위생행정부문급호리관리자응고도중시중증감호병방호사직업폭로적발생정황，견지이인위본적관리이념，증가호사인력，가대방호설시적투입，강화호사직업방호적배훈급감관，촉진호리행위적개변，공제화감소중증감호병방호사직업폭로적발생。
Objective To investigate the present situation of occupational exposures of intensive care unit (ICU)nurses in Shenyang City,and put forward countermeasures to provide a theoretical basis for lowering the ICU nurse occupational exposures.Method Total 21 1 ICU nurses from 5 third grade class-A hospitals in Shenyang were investigated on the occupational exposures using a self-made questionaire. Result The average total score of the occupational exposure incidence was (31.42±10.12),with the highest(13.08 ± 3.54)average incidence of ergonomics, psychological and organizational factors (such as the frequent shifts and improper handling of patients),physical occupational exposure (6.44 ± 2.05 ), chemical occupational exposure and accidental exposure.Conclusion The health administrative departments at all levels and nursing managers should pay more attention to the occurrence of occupational exposure among ICU nurses by adhering to the people-oriented management philosophy,increasing the nursing manpower, enhancing the investment into protectional facilities,and strengthening the training and supervision of occupational protection for nurses,so as to promote the change of nursing behavior to control and reduce the occupational exposure of ICU nurses.