CAJ | 학술논문

采用引物步移法PCR扩增，获得全长为16846 bp 的河川沙塘鳢(Odontobutis potamophila)线粒体全基因组DNA (mtDNA)，并对其基因结构、重排机制及在系统发育中的应用进行了分析。研究结果：(1)河川沙塘鳢mtDNA由37个基因和1个非编码控制区组成；除 ND6和8个 tRNA 外，其他基因都编码在重链(H)上； tRNA 基因因发生滑移重排(shuffling)，将经典的线粒体基因组 HSL (tRNAHis–tRNASer–tRNALeu)排列变成了 SLH (tRNASer–tRNALeu–tRNAHis)排列，造成在tRNALeu与tRNAHis、ND4与tRNASer之间分别插入了320 bp和42 bp的两个“匿名区”。(2)检测的112种鲈形目(Perciformes)鱼类中，仅有13种(11.61%)发生了mtDNA基因重排现象，而沙塘鳢属的中华沙塘鳢(O. sinensis)、平头沙塘鳢(O. platycephala)与河川沙塘鳢的基因重排位置一致，揭示其可能是沙塘鳢属鱼类进化过程中的一个重要分子“标签”。(3)筛选得到的两个分子标记ND4和ND5基因，适合用于虾虎鱼亚目(Gobioidei)鱼类科阶元水平的系统发育关系的重建。
채용인물보이법PCR확증，획득전장위16846 bp 적하천사당례(Odontobutis potamophila)선립체전기인조DNA (mtDNA)，병대기기인결구、중배궤제급재계통발육중적응용진행료분석。연구결과：(1)하천사당례mtDNA유37개기인화1개비편마공제구조성；제 ND6화8개 tRNA 외，기타기인도편마재중련(H)상； tRNA 기인인발생활이중배(shuffling)，장경전적선립체기인조 HSL (tRNAHis–tRNASer–tRNALeu)배렬변성료 SLH (tRNASer–tRNALeu–tRNAHis)배렬，조성재tRNALeu여tRNAHis、ND4여tRNASer지간분별삽입료320 bp화42 bp적량개“닉명구”。(2)검측적112충로형목(Perciformes)어류중，부유13충(11.61%)발생료mtDNA기인중배현상，이사당례속적중화사당례(O. sinensis)、평두사당례(O. platycephala)여하천사당례적기인중배위치일치，게시기가능시사당례속어류진화과정중적일개중요분자“표첨”。(3)사선득도적량개분자표기ND4화ND5기인，괄합용우하호어아목(Gobioidei)어류과계원수평적계통발육관계적중건。
The river sleeper, Odontobutis potamophila (Perciformes, Odontobutidae), is a small demersal freshwa-ter goby and has recently been considered a promising candidate for aquaculture in China. However, until now there has been limited genetic information regarding O. potamophila. In this paper, the complete mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) of O. potamophila was obtained by primer-walking PCR amplification, and the mtDNA length was 16846 bp. Then, mtDNA structure, gene rearrangement mechanism, and application in phylogenetic recon-struction were analyzed. The mtDNA of O. potamophila contained 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes, two rRNAs, and 22 tRNAs) and non-coding control regions. In addition to ND6 and eight tRNAs (tRNAGln, tRNAAla, tRNAAsn, tRNACys, tRNATyr, tRNASer, tRNAGlu, and tRNAPro), all other components were encoded on the heavy strand. All protein-coding genes initiated with the typical ATG sequence except CO I (with GTG) and ATP6 (with ATA). These 13 protein-coding genes had TAA, TA?, and T?as termination codons. Because of shuffling rearrangement of different tRNAs, the classic mtDNA arrangement HSL (tRNAHis?tRNASer?tRNALeu) changed into SLH (TrnaSer?tRNALeu?tRNAHis). Consequently, 320 bp and 42 bp anonymous regions were inserted between tRNALeu and tRNAHis, and between ND4 and tRNASer, respectively. However, the content of A+T (55.3%) was higher than that of G+C (46.7%), and it was similar to other fish mtDNA. Among the 112 analyzed Perciforme fish species, only 13 (11.61%) experienced mtDNA gene rearrangement. In particular, the gene rearrangement of O. potamo-phila (KF874495) was similar to that of O. platycephala (NC010199) and O. sinensis (KF154120), which indi-cates that this is an important molecular‘tag’ for the evolution of the Odontobutis. Selection pressure and genetic diversity analyses of the 13 protein-coding genes revealed that ND4 and ND5 might be suitable molecular candi-date markers for reconstructing phylogenetic relationships in the Gobioidei family. In the ML phylogenetic tree for 10 species of Gobioidei based on ND4 or ND5 gene, the three Odontobutis species were most closely related to Perccottus glenii, and this was consistent with traditional morphological classification.