中山大学学报（自然科学版）
中山大學學報（自然科學版）
중산대학학보（자연과학판）
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni
2015年
5期
102-108
,共7页
张鹤千%杨子拓%李桂峰%肖诗斌%孙际佳%杨慧荣%赵会宏%谢堂晖%韩兴鹏%刘丽
張鶴韆%楊子拓%李桂峰%肖詩斌%孫際佳%楊慧榮%趙會宏%謝堂暉%韓興鵬%劉麗
장학천%양자탁%리계봉%초시빈%손제가%양혜영%조회굉%사당휘%한흥붕%류려
黄颡鱼%珠江流域%遗传多样性%Cyt b
黃顙魚%珠江流域%遺傳多樣性%Cyt b
황상어%주강류역%유전다양성%Cyt b
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco%the Pearl River area%genetic diversity%Cytochrome b gene
利用 PCR 技术扩增得到珠江水系5个江段共190尾野生黄颡鱼 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco 样品的线粒体DNA 细胞色素 b （Cyt b）基因片段，并测定其序列，确定野生黄颡鱼的 Cyt b 基因片段全长为1109 bp。在190尾样品中检测到43种不同的单倍型，单倍型多样性（Hd ）和核苷酸多样性（Pi ）分别为0.84857和0.04817，呈高单倍型、低核苷酸多样性的分布模式，表明其遗传多样性属于中等水平。利用 Clustal-X 1.81和 MEGA 5.0软件对190尾样品进行同源基因序列分析，其 A ＋T 含量（55.1％）显著高于 G ＋C 含量（44.8％），碱基组成差异不大，分布比较平均。使用最大似然率法构建分子系统发生树，结果表明都匀江段与左江江段的遗传分化程度最大（Fst ＝0.41430）。AMOVA 分析显示，珠江水系野生黄颡鱼的遗传变异均来自群体内，达到75.23％，表明地理因素对黄颡鱼的遗传分化产生了一定的影响，聚类结果与地理分布存在一定的相关性。中性检验结果表明，各群体间没有发生过种群扩张，种群数量相对稳定。
利用 PCR 技術擴增得到珠江水繫5箇江段共190尾野生黃顙魚 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco 樣品的線粒體DNA 細胞色素 b （Cyt b）基因片段，併測定其序列，確定野生黃顙魚的 Cyt b 基因片段全長為1109 bp。在190尾樣品中檢測到43種不同的單倍型，單倍型多樣性（Hd ）和覈苷痠多樣性（Pi ）分彆為0.84857和0.04817，呈高單倍型、低覈苷痠多樣性的分佈模式，錶明其遺傳多樣性屬于中等水平。利用 Clustal-X 1.81和 MEGA 5.0軟件對190尾樣品進行同源基因序列分析，其 A ＋T 含量（55.1％）顯著高于 G ＋C 含量（44.8％），堿基組成差異不大，分佈比較平均。使用最大似然率法構建分子繫統髮生樹，結果錶明都勻江段與左江江段的遺傳分化程度最大（Fst ＝0.41430）。AMOVA 分析顯示，珠江水繫野生黃顙魚的遺傳變異均來自群體內，達到75.23％，錶明地理因素對黃顙魚的遺傳分化產生瞭一定的影響，聚類結果與地理分佈存在一定的相關性。中性檢驗結果錶明，各群體間沒有髮生過種群擴張，種群數量相對穩定。
이용 PCR 기술확증득도주강수계5개강단공190미야생황상어 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco 양품적선립체DNA 세포색소 b （Cyt b）기인편단，병측정기서렬，학정야생황상어적 Cyt b 기인편단전장위1109 bp。재190미양품중검측도43충불동적단배형，단배형다양성（Hd ）화핵감산다양성（Pi ）분별위0.84857화0.04817，정고단배형、저핵감산다양성적분포모식，표명기유전다양성속우중등수평。이용 Clustal-X 1.81화 MEGA 5.0연건대190미양품진행동원기인서렬분석，기 A ＋T 함량（55.1％）현저고우 G ＋C 함량（44.8％），감기조성차이불대，분포비교평균。사용최대사연솔법구건분자계통발생수，결과표명도균강단여좌강강단적유전분화정도최대（Fst ＝0.41430）。AMOVA 분석현시，주강수계야생황상어적유전변이균래자군체내，체도75.23％，표명지리인소대황상어적유전분화산생료일정적영향，취류결과여지리분포존재일정적상관성。중성검험결과표명，각군체간몰유발생과충군확장，충군수량상대은정。
The mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b (Cyt b)gene segments of 190 yellow catfishes (Pel-teobagrus fulvidraco)from five river sections of Pearl river were amplified by PCR technique and se-quenced.The complete sequence of the mitochondrial (mt)Cyt b gene of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco was 1, 109-bp in length.Sequence analysis indicated that there are 43 haplotypes in 190 individuals.The global haplotype diversity (Hd )and nucleotide diversity (Pi )was 0.848 57 and 0.048 17,respectively,indi-cating a pattern of high haplotype with low nucleotide diversity in the whole population,which indicated that the genetic diversity was a medium level.Sequence alignment performed by Clustal-X 1.81 and MEGA 5.0 softwares showed that AT content (55.1%) was significantly higher than GC content (44.8%)in these samples,and the base distribution was uniform.The genetic differentiation between Duyun and Zuojiang populations was the largest (Fst =0.414 30)based on the molecular phylogenetic tree constructed by maximum likelihood method.The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA)showed that the genetic variation was 75.23% merely presenting within populations rather than between popula-tions,implying that geographical factors caused certain effects on genetic differentiation of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.Results of neutral test showed that expansion was not happened among these five populations, therefore their population structures and quantities were relatively stable.
