中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
2015年
9期
777-781
,共5页
邵晓萍%吴承刚%王富珍%梁剑%谢莘%朱琦%刘隽%胡培%邱泉%梁晓峰%郑慧贞
邵曉萍%吳承剛%王富珍%樑劍%謝莘%硃琦%劉雋%鬍培%邱泉%樑曉峰%鄭慧貞
소효평%오승강%왕부진%량검%사신%주기%류준%호배%구천%량효봉%정혜정
儿童%肝炎,乙型%血清学试验%流行病学
兒童%肝炎,乙型%血清學試驗%流行病學
인동%간염,을형%혈청학시험%류행병학
Child%Hepatitis B%Serologic tests%Epidemiology
目的：调查广东省3个县1～14岁儿童乙型肝炎感染状况，评价乙型肝炎疫苗纳入免疫规划及2009—2011年查漏补种对1～14岁儿童乙型肝炎的免疫效果。方法2013年在广东省南雄市、海丰县和新兴县采取分层多阶段随机抽样方法，抽取1621名1～14岁儿童作为调查对象，调查其人口学特征、患病史以及乙型肝炎疫苗接种史，检测乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙型肝炎表面抗体（抗-HBs）、乙型肝炎核心抗体（抗-HBc）。分析性别、年龄、疫苗接种史、低出生体重（<2 kg）、母亲HBsAg阳性与乙型肝炎血清标志物阳性率关系。结果1～14岁儿童HBsAg阳性率为1.11%(18例)，抗-HBs阳性率为60.69%(982例)，抗-HBc阳性率为1.92%(31例)。有免疫史儿童HBsAg阳性率（0.84%，13/1547）低于无免疫史（1/13）及不详儿童（6.56%，4/61）（χ2＝22.64，P<0.001），首针24 h内及时接种乙型肝炎疫苗儿童HBsAg阳性率（0.45%，5/1118）低于不及时接种儿童（2.63%，61/190）（χ2＝10.21，P<0.001）。出生体重<2 kg儿童HBsAg阳性率（5/18）高于出生体重≥2 kg儿童（0.78%，12/1548）（χ2＝120.8，P<0.001）。HBsAg阳性母亲所生儿童HBsAg阳性率（2.80%，3/107）高于HBsAg阴性母亲所生儿童（0.21%，1/470）（χ2＝8.50，P=0.004）。随着年龄的增长，乙型肝炎疫苗接种率、首针及时接种率逐渐降低，抗-HBs阳性率随着年龄增大而逐渐降低。结论开展乙型肝炎疫苗查漏补种后，1～14岁儿童HBsAg和抗-HBc阳性率下降，而抗-HBs阳性率升高。
目的：調查廣東省3箇縣1～14歲兒童乙型肝炎感染狀況，評價乙型肝炎疫苗納入免疫規劃及2009—2011年查漏補種對1～14歲兒童乙型肝炎的免疫效果。方法2013年在廣東省南雄市、海豐縣和新興縣採取分層多階段隨機抽樣方法，抽取1621名1～14歲兒童作為調查對象，調查其人口學特徵、患病史以及乙型肝炎疫苗接種史，檢測乙型肝炎錶麵抗原（HBsAg）、乙型肝炎錶麵抗體（抗-HBs）、乙型肝炎覈心抗體（抗-HBc）。分析性彆、年齡、疫苗接種史、低齣生體重（<2 kg）、母親HBsAg暘性與乙型肝炎血清標誌物暘性率關繫。結果1～14歲兒童HBsAg暘性率為1.11%(18例)，抗-HBs暘性率為60.69%(982例)，抗-HBc暘性率為1.92%(31例)。有免疫史兒童HBsAg暘性率（0.84%，13/1547）低于無免疫史（1/13）及不詳兒童（6.56%，4/61）（χ2＝22.64，P<0.001），首針24 h內及時接種乙型肝炎疫苗兒童HBsAg暘性率（0.45%，5/1118）低于不及時接種兒童（2.63%，61/190）（χ2＝10.21，P<0.001）。齣生體重<2 kg兒童HBsAg暘性率（5/18）高于齣生體重≥2 kg兒童（0.78%，12/1548）（χ2＝120.8，P<0.001）。HBsAg暘性母親所生兒童HBsAg暘性率（2.80%，3/107）高于HBsAg陰性母親所生兒童（0.21%，1/470）（χ2＝8.50，P=0.004）。隨著年齡的增長，乙型肝炎疫苗接種率、首針及時接種率逐漸降低，抗-HBs暘性率隨著年齡增大而逐漸降低。結論開展乙型肝炎疫苗查漏補種後，1～14歲兒童HBsAg和抗-HBc暘性率下降，而抗-HBs暘性率升高。
목적：조사광동성3개현1～14세인동을형간염감염상황，평개을형간염역묘납입면역규화급2009—2011년사루보충대1～14세인동을형간염적면역효과。방법2013년재광동성남웅시、해봉현화신흥현채취분층다계단수궤추양방법，추취1621명1～14세인동작위조사대상，조사기인구학특정、환병사이급을형간염역묘접충사，검측을형간염표면항원（HBsAg）、을형간염표면항체（항-HBs）、을형간염핵심항체（항-HBc）。분석성별、년령、역묘접충사、저출생체중（<2 kg）、모친HBsAg양성여을형간염혈청표지물양성솔관계。결과1～14세인동HBsAg양성솔위1.11%(18례)，항-HBs양성솔위60.69%(982례)，항-HBc양성솔위1.92%(31례)。유면역사인동HBsAg양성솔（0.84%，13/1547）저우무면역사（1/13）급불상인동（6.56%，4/61）（χ2＝22.64，P<0.001），수침24 h내급시접충을형간염역묘인동HBsAg양성솔（0.45%，5/1118）저우불급시접충인동（2.63%，61/190）（χ2＝10.21，P<0.001）。출생체중<2 kg인동HBsAg양성솔（5/18）고우출생체중≥2 kg인동（0.78%，12/1548）（χ2＝120.8，P<0.001）。HBsAg양성모친소생인동HBsAg양성솔（2.80%，3/107）고우HBsAg음성모친소생인동（0.21%，1/470）（χ2＝8.50，P=0.004）。수착년령적증장，을형간염역묘접충솔、수침급시접충솔축점강저，항-HBs양성솔수착년령증대이축점강저。결론개전을형간염역묘사루보충후，1～14세인동HBsAg화항-HBc양성솔하강，이항-HBs양성솔승고。
Objective To investigate the epidemic status of Hepatitis B in children aged 1-14 in 3 counties of Guangdong province in 2013,and to evaluate the effect of hepatitis control in children aged 1-14 after hepatitis B vaccine was integrated into the national immunization program in 2002 and catch-up vaccination was conducted from 2009 to 2011. Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling was designed to survey 1 621 children aged 1-14 in rural area of Nanxiong county, Haifeng county and Xinxing county by questionnaires including general information, medical history and risk factors .The samples were tested with chemiluminescence method to detect hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen ( HBsAg), antibody to HbsAg (anti-HBs) and antibody to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc).Chi-square test was used to compare the positive rate of HBV serum markers in different age groups, vaccine histories, birth weight and HBV infection status of mother. Results Among the children aged 1-14 in 3 counties rural regions of Guangdong province, the positive rate of HBsAg,anti-HBs,and anti-HBc was 1.11% (18/1 621), 60.69%(982/1 618) and 1.92% (31/1 617), respectively. The HBsAg positive rate of vaccinated children (0.84%, 13/1 547) was lower than that of unvaccinated children (1/13) or children with unknown vaccination status (6.56%,4/61) (χ2=22.64,P<0.001). The HBsAg positive rate (0.45%,5/1 118) of the children with <br> birth-dose given within 24 hours was lower than those that of children given beyond 24 hours (2.63%, 61/190) (χ2=10.21 ,P<0.001). The HBsAg positive rate(5/18) of children with birth weight under 2 kilogram was higher than that of children with birth weight above 2 kilogram(0.78%,12/1 548)(χ2=120.8,P<0.001).The HBsAg positive rate of children born to HBsAg-positive mothers (2.80%,3/107) was higher than that of children born to HBsAg-negative mothers (0.21%,1/470)(χ2=8.50,P=0.004). With the age increasing, the coverage and timely birth-dose coverage of Hepatitis B vaccine(HepB) decreased,and the positive rate of anti-HBs gradually decreased . Conclusion After the catch-up vaccination was conducted in unvaccinated children aged 1-14 years from 2009 to 2011, the HBsAg and anti-HBc positive rate decreased, while the anti-HBs positive rate increased significantly.
