中华危重病急救医学
中華危重病急救醫學
중화위중병급구의학
Chinese Critical Care Medicine
2015年
9期
724-728
,共5页
急诊%床旁超声%中心静脉置管
急診%床徬超聲%中心靜脈置管
급진%상방초성%중심정맥치관
Emergency department%Bedside ultrasound%Central venous catheterization
目的:评估急诊科医生对危重患者独立进行床旁超声引导下中心静脉置管的可行性和临床意义。方法回顾性分析2009年1月至2014年6月中国医科大学附属盛京医院急诊科216例需行中心静脉置管患者的临床资料,所有患者均采用股静脉穿刺或颈内静脉穿刺置管术。根据置管方式将患者分为3组,急诊科医生独立进行床旁超声引导下中心静脉置管的72例患者纳入A组;由超声科医生辅助超声定位后再由急诊科医生进行中心静脉置管的72例患者纳入B组;采用传统体表标志定位法进行中心静脉置管的72例患者纳入C组。比较3组患者的置管成功率、置管时间、穿刺次数以及并发症发生率。结果急诊科医生独立完成床旁超声引导下中心静脉导管的总成功率较超声定位和传统体表标志定位法明显升高〔98.61%(71/72)比83.33%(60/72)、73.61%(53/72),均P<0.01〕,置管时间明显缩短(min:5.5±2.5比9.6±3.7、16.6±7.2,均P<0.05),穿刺次数减少(次:1.0±0.0比1.8±0.7、2.7±2.6,均P<0.05),穿刺失败需更换位置发生率明显减少〔1.4%(1/72)比8.3%(6/72)、20.8%(15/72),均P<0.05〕,机械性损伤及感染并发症总发生率显著降低〔15.3%(11/72)比41.7%(30/72)、59.7%(43/72),均P<0.05〕,同时也未增加导管相关性感染的风险〔13.9%(10/72)比15.3%(11/72)、12.5%(9/72),均P>0.05〕。结论急诊科医生独立完成床旁超声引导下中心静脉置管可以提高置管成功率,减少置管相关并发症;该方法可广泛应用于急诊科危重患者的抢救,在指导临床治疗决策方面具有广泛的应用前景。
目的:評估急診科醫生對危重患者獨立進行床徬超聲引導下中心靜脈置管的可行性和臨床意義。方法迴顧性分析2009年1月至2014年6月中國醫科大學附屬盛京醫院急診科216例需行中心靜脈置管患者的臨床資料,所有患者均採用股靜脈穿刺或頸內靜脈穿刺置管術。根據置管方式將患者分為3組,急診科醫生獨立進行床徬超聲引導下中心靜脈置管的72例患者納入A組;由超聲科醫生輔助超聲定位後再由急診科醫生進行中心靜脈置管的72例患者納入B組;採用傳統體錶標誌定位法進行中心靜脈置管的72例患者納入C組。比較3組患者的置管成功率、置管時間、穿刺次數以及併髮癥髮生率。結果急診科醫生獨立完成床徬超聲引導下中心靜脈導管的總成功率較超聲定位和傳統體錶標誌定位法明顯升高〔98.61%(71/72)比83.33%(60/72)、73.61%(53/72),均P<0.01〕,置管時間明顯縮短(min:5.5±2.5比9.6±3.7、16.6±7.2,均P<0.05),穿刺次數減少(次:1.0±0.0比1.8±0.7、2.7±2.6,均P<0.05),穿刺失敗需更換位置髮生率明顯減少〔1.4%(1/72)比8.3%(6/72)、20.8%(15/72),均P<0.05〕,機械性損傷及感染併髮癥總髮生率顯著降低〔15.3%(11/72)比41.7%(30/72)、59.7%(43/72),均P<0.05〕,同時也未增加導管相關性感染的風險〔13.9%(10/72)比15.3%(11/72)、12.5%(9/72),均P>0.05〕。結論急診科醫生獨立完成床徬超聲引導下中心靜脈置管可以提高置管成功率,減少置管相關併髮癥;該方法可廣汎應用于急診科危重患者的搶救,在指導臨床治療決策方麵具有廣汎的應用前景。
목적:평고급진과의생대위중환자독립진행상방초성인도하중심정맥치관적가행성화림상의의。방법회고성분석2009년1월지2014년6월중국의과대학부속성경의원급진과216례수행중심정맥치관환자적림상자료,소유환자균채용고정맥천자혹경내정맥천자치관술。근거치관방식장환자분위3조,급진과의생독립진행상방초성인도하중심정맥치관적72례환자납입A조;유초성과의생보조초성정위후재유급진과의생진행중심정맥치관적72례환자납입B조;채용전통체표표지정위법진행중심정맥치관적72례환자납입C조。비교3조환자적치관성공솔、치관시간、천자차수이급병발증발생솔。결과급진과의생독립완성상방초성인도하중심정맥도관적총성공솔교초성정위화전통체표표지정위법명현승고〔98.61%(71/72)비83.33%(60/72)、73.61%(53/72),균P<0.01〕,치관시간명현축단(min:5.5±2.5비9.6±3.7、16.6±7.2,균P<0.05),천자차수감소(차:1.0±0.0비1.8±0.7、2.7±2.6,균P<0.05),천자실패수경환위치발생솔명현감소〔1.4%(1/72)비8.3%(6/72)、20.8%(15/72),균P<0.05〕,궤계성손상급감염병발증총발생솔현저강저〔15.3%(11/72)비41.7%(30/72)、59.7%(43/72),균P<0.05〕,동시야미증가도관상관성감염적풍험〔13.9%(10/72)비15.3%(11/72)、12.5%(9/72),균P>0.05〕。결론급진과의생독립완성상방초성인도하중심정맥치관가이제고치관성공솔,감소치관상관병발증;해방법가엄범응용우급진과위중환자적창구,재지도림상치료결책방면구유엄범적응용전경。
ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility and clinical significance of emergency bedside ultrasound-guided central venous catheterization performed by emergency department doctors.Methods The clinical data of 216 patients, who underwent central venous catheterization in the Department of Emergency of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 2009 to June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients received femoral vein puncture or internal jugular vein catheterization. The patients were divided into three groups according to the method of catheterization: 72 patients received emergency ultrasound-guided central venous catheterization by emergency doctors independently were assigned as A group, 72 patients underwent catheterization by emergency doctors after being demarcated by ultrasound doctors served as B group, and 72 patients who underwent catheterization method guided by traditional landmark served as C group. Success rate, time spent for catheterization, number of attempts for intubation, and incidence of complications were compared among three groups.Results As compared with that of groups B and C, a higher success rate [98.61% (71/72) vs. 83.33% (60/72), 73.61% (53/72), bothP< 0.01] was found in group A, also with a shorter successful time for insertion of the catheter (minutes: 5.5±2.5 vs. 9.6±3.7, 16.6±7.2, bothP< 0.05), less frequency of the catheter insertion (times: 1.0±0.0 vs. 1.8±0.7, 2.7±2.6, bothP<0.05), and lower incidence of changing puncture site due to insert failure [1.4% (1/72) vs. 8.3% (6/72), 20.8% (15/72), bothP< 0.05], lower incidence of mechanical and infective complication [15.3% (11/72) vs. 41.7% (30/72), 59.7%(43/72), bothP< 0.05], and also lower catheterization related infection risk [13.9% (10/72) vs. 15.3% (11/72), 12.5%(9/72), bothP> 0.05].Conclusion Emergency bedside ultrasound-guided catheterization resulted in higher success rate and less related complication, therefore it can be recommended for widely application in emergency department treatment.