CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在比较饲粮中添加微藻和亚麻籽对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄脂肪酸组成的影响及蛋黄ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸( PUFA)沉积规律。选取37周龄健康、产蛋率和体形相近的罗曼蛋鸡216只,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每重复12只。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,2个试验组分别饲喂基础饲粮中添加8%微藻(微藻组)和8%亚麻籽(亚麻籽组)的饲粮。试验期4周。结果表明：1)与对照组相比,微藻组和亚麻籽组的产蛋率、平均日采食量、平均蛋重和料蛋比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,微藻组和亚麻籽组的蛋重、蛋黄重、蛋黄比例、蛋白重、蛋白比例、蛋白高度和哈氏单位均无显著差异( P>0.05)；但贮存时间延长可极显著降低哈氏单位和蛋白高度( P<0.01),且微藻组和亚麻籽组的降低程度高于对照组；微藻组蛋黄颜色评分极显著高于对照组和亚麻籽组( P<0.01)。3)与对照组相比,微藻组和亚麻籽组蛋黄ω-3 PUFA含量均极显著提高( P<0.01),ω-6 PUFA含量和ω-6/ω-3极显著降低( P<0.01)。4)微藻组和亚麻籽组蛋黄中二十二碳六烯酸( DHA)、ω-3 PUFA含量均第13天富集饱和,后出现缓慢降低趋势。由此可见,饲粮中添加微藻和亚麻籽均可生产富含ω-3 PUFA鸡蛋,最佳时间为第13天后,并且对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质无不良影响,但富含ω-3 PUFA鸡蛋不易贮存。
본시험지재비교사량중첨가미조화아마자대단계생산성능、단품질、단황지방산조성적영향급단황ω-3다불포화지방산( PUFA)침적규률。선취37주령건강、산단솔화체형상근적라만단계216지,수궤분위3개조,매조6개중복,매중복12지。대조조사위옥미-두박형기출사량,2개시험조분별사위기출사량중첨가8%미조(미조조)화8%아마자(아마자조)적사량。시험기4주。결과표명：1)여대조조상비,미조조화아마자조적산단솔、평균일채식량、평균단중화료단비균무현저차이(P>0.05)。2)여대조조상비,미조조화아마자조적단중、단황중、단황비례、단백중、단백비례、단백고도화합씨단위균무현저차이( P>0.05)；단저존시간연장가겁현저강저합씨단위화단백고도( P<0.01),차미조조화아마자조적강저정도고우대조조；미조조단황안색평분겁현저고우대조조화아마자조( P<0.01)。3)여대조조상비,미조조화아마자조단황ω-3 PUFA함량균겁현저제고( P<0.01),ω-6 PUFA함량화ω-6/ω-3겁현저강저( P<0.01)。4)미조조화아마자조단황중이십이탄륙희산( DHA)、ω-3 PUFA함량균제13천부집포화,후출현완만강저추세。유차가견,사량중첨가미조화아마자균가생산부함ω-3 PUFA계단,최가시간위제13천후,병차대단계생산성능화단품질무불량영향,단부함ω-3 PUFA계단불역저존。
This study was conducted to compare the effects of dietary microalgae and flaxseed supplementation on performance, egg quality, fatty acid composition in yolk of laying hens, andω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFA) deposition regulation in yolk. Two hundred and sixteen healthy Lohmann laying hens aged 37 weeks with similar egg production rate and body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 hens per replicate. Hens in control group were fed corn-soybean meal basal diet, and two test groups hens were fed basal diet supplemented with 8% microalgae ( microalgae group) and 8% flaxseed ( flax-seed group) , respectively. The experiment lasted for 4 weeks. The results showed as follows: 1 ) compared with control group, microalgae group and flaxseed group had no significant effects on laying rate, average dai-ly feed intake, average egg weight and the ratio of feed to egg ( P>0.05) . 2) Compared with control group, microalgae group and flaxseed group had no significant effects on egg weight, yolk weight, percentage of yolk, albumen weight, percentage of albumen, albumen height and haugh unit ( P>0.05) , but albumen height and Haugh unit were significantly reduced after long time preservation ( P<0.01) , and the reduced levels of al-bumen height, Haugh unit in microalgae group and flaxseed group were higher than those in control group. Yolk color score in microalgae group was significantly higher than that in control group and flaxseed group ( P<0.01) . 3) Compared with control group, ω-3 PUFA contents in yolk of microalgae group and flaxseed group was significantly improved (P<0.01), ω-6 PUFA content and the ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 were significantly re-duced ( P<0.01) . 4) The highest contents of docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA) andω-3 PUFA in yolk of both mi-croalgae group and flaxseed group could be observed on day 13, but slowly decreased later. It can be conclu-ded that both microalgae and flaxseed can produce ω-3 PUFA enriched eggs and have no negative effects on performance and egg quality, the optimal deposition time is after the day 13, and theω-3 PUFA enriched eggs are not easy to store.