CAJ | 학술논문

在草炭与珍珠岩的混合基质中,通过逐渐增加园林废弃物堆肥的比例以部分替代草炭,分析了园林废弃物堆肥作为油松( Pinus tabulaeformis)容器苗培养基质材料的可行性;试验设置堆肥添加比例0~50%组成共6种基质配方,研究不同基质配方对油松容器苗生长及各基质理化性质的影响. 结果表明:当配方中园林废弃物堆肥添加比例≤40%时,出苗率能达到80%的生产指标,且苗木合格率均能达到出圃标准;堆肥添加比例≤20%处理下的苗高、地径、高径比、主根长、根生物量与常用草炭处理均无显著差异;混合基质中园林废弃物堆肥比例的加大,能促进苗木各组织氮质量分数的显著增大,能显著促进苗木叶对钾的吸收,这可能有利于造林. 所有基质处理物理性质及pH均处于育苗的适宜范围内,化学指标检测显示逐渐增加园林废弃物堆肥后,各基质全氮、碱解氮、速效钾显著提高,这可能是导致苗木各组织氮、叶钾水平增大的主要原因;Fe、Mn、Cu、Cr等微量元素含量显著增大,但却未超过育苗基质的安全范围. 部分基质中养分水平的过量以及EC值偏高可能是导致苗木出苗率降低、苗木质量下降的主要因素. 因此,园林废弃物堆肥添加比例≤40%,对于油松容器苗是一种可行的育苗基质;当园林废弃物堆肥添加比例≤20%时,能生产出相对高质量的苗木,也能节约成本并利于环保. 因此,油松容器苗基质最佳配方比例为:草炭55%,珍珠岩25%,园林废弃物堆肥添加比例20%.
재초탄여진주암적혼합기질중,통과축점증가완림폐기물퇴비적비례이부분체대초탄,분석료완림폐기물퇴비작위유송( Pinus tabulaeformis)용기묘배양기질재료적가행성;시험설치퇴비첨가비례0~50%조성공6충기질배방,연구불동기질배방대유송용기묘생장급각기질이화성질적영향. 결과표명:당배방중완림폐기물퇴비첨가비례≤40%시,출묘솔능체도80%적생산지표,차묘목합격솔균능체도출포표준;퇴비첨가비례≤20%처리하적묘고、지경、고경비、주근장、근생물량여상용초탄처리균무현저차이;혼합기질중완림폐기물퇴비비례적가대,능촉진묘목각조직담질량분수적현저증대,능현저촉진묘목협대갑적흡수,저가능유리우조림. 소유기질처리물이성질급pH균처우육묘적괄의범위내,화학지표검측현시축점증가완림폐기물퇴비후,각기질전담、감해담、속효갑현저제고,저가능시도치묘목각조직담、협갑수평증대적주요원인;Fe、Mn、Cu、Cr등미량원소함량현저증대,단각미초과육묘기질적안전범위. 부분기질중양분수평적과량이급EC치편고가능시도치묘목출묘솔강저、묘목질량하강적주요인소. 인차,완림폐기물퇴비첨가비례≤40%,대우유송용기묘시일충가행적육묘기질;당완림폐기물퇴비첨가비례≤20%시,능생산출상대고질량적묘목,야능절약성본병리우배보. 인차,유송용기묘기질최가배방비례위:초탄55%,진주암25%,완림폐기물퇴비첨가비례20%.
The garden waste compost was tested for feasibility as a component ( 0-50%) of a container medium for growing Pinus tabulaeformis container seedlings in a greenhouse. The physical and chemical properties of different medi?ums and their effects on the growth of seedlings were studied. When the proportions of garden waste compost reaching 40%, seedling germination percentage could achieve 80% production index requirements and rate of qualified seedlings could meet the standard. Compared to the peat treatment, seedling height, diameter, height to diameter ratio, tap root length and root biomass did not exhibite significant changes. As the composition of compost in the mixed medium increas?ing, it could increase the N mass fraction in seedlings significantly, also significantly promote the absorption of K in seedling foliar,and this might be good for outplanting. The physical properties and pH of all the treatments were suitable to grow seedlings, the test showed that total N, alkaline hydrolytic N, rapidly available K increased significantly when garden waste compost increasing, this might be the main reason to increase the N, K contents of seedlings. The available Fe、Mn、Cu and Cr also increased significantly, but they were all suitable for planting. Higher nutrient levels and EC might be the main reason to decrease the germination percentage and seedling quality. In general, in proportions of up to 40% in peat treatment, the compost additive used was shown to be a feasible material for seedling growing in greenhou?ses;while it could produce relatively high quality of seedlings when the growing media contained compost in proportions of 20%. In this study, combined with the substrates materials cost and environmental factors, the best medium prescription is 55% peat, 25% perlite and 20% compost.