CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平单宁和高单宁饲粮条件下添加聚乙二醇( PEG )对绵羊和山羊瘤胃总细菌、总厌氧真菌、原虫数量和营养物质表观消化率的影响。选取1.5~2.0岁、体重45 kg左右、安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的绵羊和绒山羊各4只为试验动物。采用自身对照设计,共分4期进行,第1期饲喂基础饲粮(Ⅰ组,对照组),第2、3、4期除饲喂基础饲粮外再分别添加占采食量2%单宁(Ⅱ组)、6%单宁(Ⅲ组)、6%单宁+12%PEG(Ⅳ组)；每期试验30 d,其中预试期12 d,正试期18 d。结果表明：1)山羊Ⅲ组有机物( OM)、粗蛋白质( CP)、酸性洗涤纤维( ADF)表观消化率,Ⅳ组干物质( DM)、OM、CP表观消化率均显著低于对照组( P<0.05)。绵羊营养物质表观消化率各组之间无显著差异( P>0.05)。2)晨饲前(0 h)山羊Ⅲ、Ⅳ组,6 h绵羊和山羊Ⅳ组瘤胃原虫数量均显著低于对照组(P>0.05)。3)0 h绵羊和山羊试验组瘤胃总细菌数量显著低于对照组( P<0.05)。6 hⅡ、Ⅲ组山羊瘤胃总厌氧真菌的数量显著低于对照组( P<0.05)。结果提示,在饲粮中添加单宁会降低瘤胃总细菌和总厌氧真菌数量以及营养物质表观消化率,PEG可削弱单宁对瘤胃总细菌生长的影响；山羊的瘤胃微生物区系受单宁的影响程度比绵羊更大。
본시험지재연구사량중첨가불동수평단저화고단저사량조건하첨가취을이순( PEG )대면양화산양류위총세균、총염양진균、원충수량화영양물질표관소화솔적영향。선취1.5~2.0세、체중45 kg좌우、안장유영구성류위루관적면양화융산양각4지위시험동물。채용자신대조설계,공분4기진행,제1기사위기출사량(Ⅰ조,대조조),제2、3、4기제사위기출사량외재분별첨가점채식량2%단저(Ⅱ조)、6%단저(Ⅲ조)、6%단저+12%PEG(Ⅳ조)；매기시험30 d,기중예시기12 d,정시기18 d。결과표명：1)산양Ⅲ조유궤물( OM)、조단백질( CP)、산성세조섬유( ADF)표관소화솔,Ⅳ조간물질( DM)、OM、CP표관소화솔균현저저우대조조( P<0.05)。면양영양물질표관소화솔각조지간무현저차이( P>0.05)。2)신사전(0 h)산양Ⅲ、Ⅳ조,6 h면양화산양Ⅳ조류위원충수량균현저저우대조조(P>0.05)。3)0 h면양화산양시험조류위총세균수량현저저우대조조( P<0.05)。6 hⅡ、Ⅲ조산양류위총염양진균적수량현저저우대조조( P<0.05)。결과제시,재사량중첨가단저회강저류위총세균화총염양진균수량이급영양물질표관소화솔,PEG가삭약단저대류위총세균생장적영향；산양적류위미생물구계수단저적영향정도비면양경대。
This experiment was designed to study the effects of different dietary tannin levels and high tannin diet supplemented with polyetylene glycol ( PEG) on ruminal microorganism quantity and nutrient apparent di-gestibility of sheep and goats. Four Mongolia sheep and four cashmere goats aged 1.5 to 2.0 years, weighted 45 kg, fitted with permanent ruminal cannulas were selected as experimental animals. A self-control design was applied, and the study comprised four periods. Animals at stage 1 were fed a basal diet ( group Ⅰ, control group) , and those at stages 2, 3 and 4 were fed the basal diet additionally supplemented with 2% tannin ( group Ⅱ) , 6% tannin ( groupⅢ) and 6% tannin+12% PEG ( groupⅣ) of feed intake, respectively. Each stage lasted for 30 days with 12 days of pre-test period and 18 days of test period. The results showed as fol-lows:1) for goats, the apparent digestibility of organic matter ( OM) , crude protein ( CP) and acid detergent fiber ( ADF) in group Ⅲ, dry matter ( DM) , OM and CP in group Ⅳ were significantly lower than those in control group ( P<0.05) . However, no significant differences were observed among groups in nutrient apparent digestibility of sheep (P>0.05). 2) Ruminal protozoa number of sheep in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ before morning feeding ( 0 h) , and that of sheep and goats in groupⅣ were significantly lower than that in control group( P<0.05) . 3) At 0 h, the quantity of ruminal general bacteria of sheep and goats in experimental groups was sig-nificantly lower than those in control group ( P<0.05) . At 6 h, the quantity of ruminal general anaerobic fungi of goats in groupsⅡandⅢwas significantly decreased ( P<0.05) . The results indicate that the quantity of ru-minal general bacteria and general anaerobic fungi, as well as nutrient apparent digestibility, can be decreased by supplementation of tannin, and the effects on growth of general bacteria can be mitigated by PEG; ruminal microorganism flora of goats is easier to be affected by tannin than that of sheep.