动物营养学报
動物營養學報
동물영양학보
Chinese Journal Of Animal Nutrition
2015年
10期
3067-3076
,共10页
郭春阳%邱红%梁雄培%周歧存
郭春暘%邱紅%樑雄培%週歧存
곽춘양%구홍%량웅배%주기존
黄颡鱼%维生素C%生长%抗氧化%非特异性免疫
黃顙魚%維生素C%生長%抗氧化%非特異性免疫
황상어%유생소C%생장%항양화%비특이성면역
yellow catfish ( Pelteobagrus fulvidraco Rich)%vitamin C%growth%antioxidant%non-specific im-munity
以维生素C水平分别为1.9、18.9、36.8、78.4、156.5和316.0 mg/kg的6种等氮等脂饲料(含42%粗蛋白质和7%粗脂肪)投喂黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)幼鱼[初始体重(2.00±0.01) g]12周,研究饲料中维生素C水平对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响。每种饲料设3个重复,每个重复放养20尾鱼。结果表明：1)当饲料中维生素 C 水平从1.9 mg/kg上升到156.5 mg/kg,增重率和特定生长率显著提高(P<0.05),然而随着饲料中维生素C水平由156.5 mg/kg上升到316.0 mg/kg,黄颡鱼幼鱼的增重率和特定生长率反而有所下降。饲料中维生素C水平对存活率、饲料系数、蛋白质效率、肝体比和脏体比的影响不显著(P>0.05)。2)饲料中维生素C水平对黄颡鱼幼鱼血液中血红蛋白含量和血清中葡萄糖、甘油三酯含量的影响显著( P<0.05),而血液中红细胞数量、白细胞数量、红细胞压积及血清中总蛋白和胆固醇含量不受饲料中维生素 C 水平的显著影响( P>0.05)。3)当饲料中维生素 C 水平由1.9 mg/kg上升到156.5 mg/kg时,血清中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性显著提高( P<0.05),丙二醛含量显著下降( P<0.05)；当饲料中维生素 C 水平由156.5 mg/kg上升到316.0 mg/kg时,血清中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性和丙二醛含量变化不显著( P>0.05),但谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性出现显著下降( P<0.05)。4)饲料中维生素C水平由1.9 mg/kg上升到156.5 mg/kg时,血清溶菌酶活性显著提高(P<0.05),但随着维生素C水平的继续升高,溶菌酶活性变化不显著( P>0.05)。随着饲料中维生素C水平的升高,头肾巨噬细胞吞噬百分率和呼吸爆发呈先上升后下降趋势,在维生素C水平为156.5 mg/kg时达到最大值。5)注射嗜水气单胞菌14 d后,饲料中维生素C水平为18.89和36.76 mg/kg时的累计存活率显著高于维生素C水平为1.9 mg/kg时( P<0.05)。以特定生长率和血清中溶菌酶活性为评价指标,通过折线模型得出黄颡鱼幼鱼饲料中维生素 C 的需要量分别为114.5和142.3 mg/kg。
以維生素C水平分彆為1.9、18.9、36.8、78.4、156.5和316.0 mg/kg的6種等氮等脂飼料(含42%粗蛋白質和7%粗脂肪)投餵黃顙魚(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)幼魚[初始體重(2.00±0.01) g]12週,研究飼料中維生素C水平對黃顙魚幼魚生長性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影響。每種飼料設3箇重複,每箇重複放養20尾魚。結果錶明：1)噹飼料中維生素 C 水平從1.9 mg/kg上升到156.5 mg/kg,增重率和特定生長率顯著提高(P<0.05),然而隨著飼料中維生素C水平由156.5 mg/kg上升到316.0 mg/kg,黃顙魚幼魚的增重率和特定生長率反而有所下降。飼料中維生素C水平對存活率、飼料繫數、蛋白質效率、肝體比和髒體比的影響不顯著(P>0.05)。2)飼料中維生素C水平對黃顙魚幼魚血液中血紅蛋白含量和血清中葡萄糖、甘油三酯含量的影響顯著( P<0.05),而血液中紅細胞數量、白細胞數量、紅細胞壓積及血清中總蛋白和膽固醇含量不受飼料中維生素 C 水平的顯著影響( P>0.05)。3)噹飼料中維生素 C 水平由1.9 mg/kg上升到156.5 mg/kg時,血清中超氧化物歧化酶、過氧化氫酶和穀胱甘肽過氧化物酶的活性顯著提高( P<0.05),丙二醛含量顯著下降( P<0.05)；噹飼料中維生素 C 水平由156.5 mg/kg上升到316.0 mg/kg時,血清中超氧化物歧化酶、過氧化氫酶活性和丙二醛含量變化不顯著( P>0.05),但穀胱甘肽過氧化物酶活性齣現顯著下降( P<0.05)。4)飼料中維生素C水平由1.9 mg/kg上升到156.5 mg/kg時,血清溶菌酶活性顯著提高(P<0.05),但隨著維生素C水平的繼續升高,溶菌酶活性變化不顯著( P>0.05)。隨著飼料中維生素C水平的升高,頭腎巨噬細胞吞噬百分率和呼吸爆髮呈先上升後下降趨勢,在維生素C水平為156.5 mg/kg時達到最大值。5)註射嗜水氣單胞菌14 d後,飼料中維生素C水平為18.89和36.76 mg/kg時的纍計存活率顯著高于維生素C水平為1.9 mg/kg時( P<0.05)。以特定生長率和血清中溶菌酶活性為評價指標,通過摺線模型得齣黃顙魚幼魚飼料中維生素 C 的需要量分彆為114.5和142.3 mg/kg。
이유생소C수평분별위1.9、18.9、36.8、78.4、156.5화316.0 mg/kg적6충등담등지사료(함42%조단백질화7%조지방)투위황상어(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)유어[초시체중(2.00±0.01) g]12주,연구사료중유생소C수평대황상어유어생장성능、항양화능력화면역공능적영향。매충사료설3개중복,매개중복방양20미어。결과표명：1)당사료중유생소 C 수평종1.9 mg/kg상승도156.5 mg/kg,증중솔화특정생장솔현저제고(P<0.05),연이수착사료중유생소C수평유156.5 mg/kg상승도316.0 mg/kg,황상어유어적증중솔화특정생장솔반이유소하강。사료중유생소C수평대존활솔、사료계수、단백질효솔、간체비화장체비적영향불현저(P>0.05)。2)사료중유생소C수평대황상어유어혈액중혈홍단백함량화혈청중포도당、감유삼지함량적영향현저( P<0.05),이혈액중홍세포수량、백세포수량、홍세포압적급혈청중총단백화담고순함량불수사료중유생소 C 수평적현저영향( P>0.05)。3)당사료중유생소 C 수평유1.9 mg/kg상승도156.5 mg/kg시,혈청중초양화물기화매、과양화경매화곡광감태과양화물매적활성현저제고( P<0.05),병이철함량현저하강( P<0.05)；당사료중유생소 C 수평유156.5 mg/kg상승도316.0 mg/kg시,혈청중초양화물기화매、과양화경매활성화병이철함량변화불현저( P>0.05),단곡광감태과양화물매활성출현현저하강( P<0.05)。4)사료중유생소C수평유1.9 mg/kg상승도156.5 mg/kg시,혈청용균매활성현저제고(P<0.05),단수착유생소C수평적계속승고,용균매활성변화불현저( P>0.05)。수착사료중유생소C수평적승고,두신거서세포탄서백분솔화호흡폭발정선상승후하강추세,재유생소C수평위156.5 mg/kg시체도최대치。5)주사기수기단포균14 d후,사료중유생소C수평위18.89화36.76 mg/kg시적루계존활솔현저고우유생소C수평위1.9 mg/kg시( P<0.05)。이특정생장솔화혈청중용균매활성위평개지표,통과절선모형득출황상어유어사료중유생소 C 적수요량분별위114.5화142.3 mg/kg。
A 12-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin C level on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune function of juvenile yellow catfish ( Pelteobagrus fulvidraco Rich). Six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets (44% crude protein and 7% crude lipid) were formulated to con-tain six graded dietary vitamin C levels of 1.9, 18.9, 36.8, 78.4, 156.5 and 316.0 mg/kg diet. Each diet was randomly assigned to three replicates, and ecah replicate had 20 juvenile fish [average body weight of (2.00± 0.01) g] . The results showed as follows: 1) the weight gain rate ( WGR) and specific growth rate ( SGR) were significantly increased when dietary vitamin C level increased from 1. 9 mg/kg to 156. 5 mg/kg ( P<0.05), but then were decreased when dietary vitamin C level increased from 156.5 mg/kg to 316.0 mg/kg. However, survival rate ( SR ) , protein efficiency ratio ( PER ) , feed efficiency ( FE ) , hepatosomatic index ( HSI) and viscerosomatic index ( VSI) were not significantly affected by the dietary vitamin C level ( P>0.05) . 2) The dietary vitamin C level had significant effects on blood hemoglobin content and serum glucose and triglyceride contents (P<0.05), but had no significant effects on red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count ( WBC) and hematocrit in blood and total protein ( TP) and cholesterol ( CHOL) contents in serum ( P>0.05) . 3) The activities of serum superoxide dismutase ( SOD) , catalase ( CAT) and glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px) were significantly increased and the content of serum malondialdehyde ( MDA) was sig-nificantly decreased when dietary vitamin C level increased from 1.9 mg/kg to 156.5 mg/kg ( P<0.05);how-ever, when dietary vitamin C level increased from 156.5 mg/kg to 316.0 mg/kg, the serum SOD and CAT activities and MDA content were not significant different ( P>0.05) , but the serum GSH-Px activity was sig-nificantly decreased ( P<0.05) . 4) The activity of serum lysozyme ( LZM) was significantly increased when dietary vitamin C level increased from 1.9 mg/kg to 156.5 mg/kg ( P<0.05) , but it had no significant change when dietary vitamin C level continued to increase ( P>0.05) . The phagocytic percentage and respiratory burst of macrophages from head kidney were firstly increased and then decreased with dietary vitamin C level in-creasing, and the highest values of them were appeared when dietary vitamin C level was 156.5 mg/kg. 5) Af-ter injecting A.hydrophila for 14 days, the cumulative survival rate of 18.89 and 36.76 mg/kg groups was sig-nificantly higher than that of 1.9 mg/kg group (P<0.05). Using SGR and serum LZM activity as evaluation indexes, broken-line regression analysis results indicate that the dietary vitamin C requirement of juvenile yellow catfish is estimated to be 114. 5 and 142. 3 mg/kg, respectively.
