CAJ | 학술논문

从热力学过程出发，通过引入单相及两相流声速计算模型，提出了基于实际气体的圆柱形混合室喷射器设计方法。用该方法计算出的喷射系数能与实验值较好吻合，误差在±17%内。新设计方法预测出必定存在一个使喷射系数设计值最大的最优混合室出口压力，为方便且快速确定该最优混合室出口压力与喷射器设计工况的关系，引入了最优扩压室升压比倒数。分别计算了水蒸气、氨、R290、R134a和R22圆柱形混合室喷射器常见工况下最优扩压室升压比倒数与膨胀比、压缩比的关系曲线，进而拟合出最优扩压室升压比倒数与膨胀比、压缩比的关系式。在喷射器设计过程中利用这些关系式可迅速算出最优扩压室升压比倒数，从而确定最优混合室出口压力，设计出高效喷射器。
종열역학과정출발，통과인입단상급량상류성속계산모형，제출료기우실제기체적원주형혼합실분사기설계방법。용해방법계산출적분사계수능여실험치교호문합，오차재±17%내。신설계방법예측출필정존재일개사분사계수설계치최대적최우혼합실출구압력，위방편차쾌속학정해최우혼합실출구압력여분사기설계공황적관계，인입료최우확압실승압비도수。분별계산료수증기、안、R290、R134a화R22원주형혼합실분사기상견공황하최우확압실승압비도수여팽창비、압축비적관계곡선，진이의합출최우확압실승압비도수여팽창비、압축비적관계식。재분사기설계과정중이용저사관계식가신속산출최우확압실승압비도수，종이학정최우혼합실출구압력，설계출고효분사기。
According to the thermodynamic process and the sound speed calculation models of the single/ two-phase flow, a method with real gas is presented to design cylindrical mixing chamber ejectors. The entrainment ratios calculated by the proposed method match the experimental results relatively well with an error of±17%. The proposed method predicts that there must be an optimal exit pressure of the mixing chamber corresponding to the maximum design entrainment ratio. The optimal reciprocal value of diffuser pressure ratio is introduced in order to determine the relationship between the optimal exit pressure of the mixing chamber and design conditions of ejectors conveniently and quickly. The relation curves of optimal reciprocal values of diffuser pressure ratiosvs expansion and compression ratios for steam, ammonia, R290, R134a and R22 ejectors are calculated based on usual working conditions, and further the corresponding regression expressions are fitted. <br> Those expressions can figure out the optimal reciprocal values of diffuser pressure ratios rapidly so as to obtain the optimal exit pressure of the mixing chamber, and thus a high efficient ejector can be designed.