CAJ | 학술논문

北极海冰范围从1979年有卫星观测资料以来呈现明显下降趋势，尤其是9月份。2012年9月北极海冰范围达到有观测记录以来的最小值，而2013年9月比2012年同期增加了60％。增加的区域主要在东西伯利亚海区、楚科奇海和波弗特海区。本文应用距平和经验模态分解方法，分析了美国国家冰雪数据中心的北极海冰卫星数据、欧洲预报中心的夏季底层大气环流数据和上层海洋的温度，指出2013年北极最小海冰范围比2012年在北冰洋太平洋扇区增加的原因，是由于表面气温（SAT ）降低、海平面气压（SLP）升高、气旋式风场异常、表面空气中水汽含量（SH）降低以及海表面温度（SST）降低5个条件形成的冰－SAT 、冰－SST 和冰－汽（SH）3个正反馈机制共同作用造成的。
북겁해빙범위종1979년유위성관측자료이래정현명현하강추세，우기시9월빈。2012년9월북겁해빙범위체도유관측기록이래적최소치，이2013년9월비2012년동기증가료60％。증가적구역주요재동서백리아해구、초과기해화파불특해구。본문응용거평화경험모태분해방법，분석료미국국가빙설수거중심적북겁해빙위성수거、구주예보중심적하계저층대기배류수거화상층해양적온도，지출2013년북겁최소해빙범위비2012년재북빙양태평양선구증가적원인，시유우표면기온（SAT ）강저、해평면기압（SLP）승고、기선식풍장이상、표면공기중수기함량（SH）강저이급해표면온도（SST）강저5개조건형성적빙－SAT 、빙－SST 화빙－기（SH）3개정반궤궤제공동작용조성적。
Satellite data since 1979 show that the monthly mean Arctic sea-ice extent has downward trends,with the largest trend in September.The Arctic sea-ice minimum extent is observed in September 2012.While the mini-mum Arctic sea-ice area in the following September 2013 increases 60% compared with 2012.The sea-ice increase areas mainly locate in the Pacific section of Arctic Ocean:East Siberian Sea,Chukchi Sea,and Beaufort Sea.By u-sing methods of climatological anomalies and Empirical Mode Decomposition,we investigated the Arctic sea-ice data from the National Snow and Ice Data Center,lower atmospheric circulation pattern and the upper-ocean from ERA-Interim data in summer to explain this sea-ice sharp increase phenomenon.Results show that the increasing of the Arctic sea ice in 2013 compared with 2012 is related to the following five conditions:the surface air temperature (SAT )decrease,sea level pressure (SLP)increase,the cyclonic anomaly of wind field,surface special humidity (SH)and surface sea temperature (SST)decrease.All these five favorable conditions for sea-ice increase are close-ly related with by the ice-SAT ,ice-SST and ice-SH positive feedbacks in the Arctic Ocean.