理化检验-物理分册
理化檢驗-物理分冊
이화검험-물리분책
Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Part A:Physical Testing
2015年
10期
721-724,729
,共5页
邹章雄%金少申%刘昌禄%刘顺勤%马强%葛玉雄
鄒章雄%金少申%劉昌祿%劉順勤%馬彊%葛玉雄
추장웅%금소신%류창록%류순근%마강%갈옥웅
奥氏体不锈钢%压力管道%应力腐蚀开裂%应力集中%阴极保护
奧氏體不鏽鋼%壓力管道%應力腐蝕開裂%應力集中%陰極保護
오씨체불수강%압력관도%응력부식개렬%응력집중%음겁보호
austenitic stainless steel%pressure piping%stress corrosion cracking%stress concentration%cathodic protection
在化工领域,输送腐蚀性介质的压力管道常用的材料为奥氏体不锈钢,而应力腐蚀开裂是奥氏体不锈钢压力管道最主要的失效方式。该文主要对奥氏体不锈钢压力管道应力腐蚀开裂的机理、主要影响因素及预防措施进行了分析讨论。分析发现:奥氏体不锈钢压力管道应力腐蚀开裂机理根据输送介质的不同可分为氢致应力腐蚀开裂和“滑移溶解断裂”模型;其腐蚀速率主要受拉应力、输送介质腐蚀性、运行温度、氢元素、输送介质对管壁的冲蚀等因素的影响;可通过采取合理选用材料及焊条、优化焊接工艺、避免产生应力集中点、防止腐蚀溶液富集、改变输送介质成分及运用阴极保护法等措施减缓应力腐蚀开裂的发生。
在化工領域,輸送腐蝕性介質的壓力管道常用的材料為奧氏體不鏽鋼,而應力腐蝕開裂是奧氏體不鏽鋼壓力管道最主要的失效方式。該文主要對奧氏體不鏽鋼壓力管道應力腐蝕開裂的機理、主要影響因素及預防措施進行瞭分析討論。分析髮現:奧氏體不鏽鋼壓力管道應力腐蝕開裂機理根據輸送介質的不同可分為氫緻應力腐蝕開裂和“滑移溶解斷裂”模型;其腐蝕速率主要受拉應力、輸送介質腐蝕性、運行溫度、氫元素、輸送介質對管壁的遲蝕等因素的影響;可通過採取閤理選用材料及銲條、優化銲接工藝、避免產生應力集中點、防止腐蝕溶液富集、改變輸送介質成分及運用陰極保護法等措施減緩應力腐蝕開裂的髮生。
재화공영역,수송부식성개질적압력관도상용적재료위오씨체불수강,이응력부식개렬시오씨체불수강압력관도최주요적실효방식。해문주요대오씨체불수강압력관도응력부식개렬적궤리、주요영향인소급예방조시진행료분석토론。분석발현:오씨체불수강압력관도응력부식개렬궤리근거수송개질적불동가분위경치응력부식개렬화“활이용해단렬”모형;기부식속솔주요수랍응력、수송개질부식성、운행온도、경원소、수송개질대관벽적충식등인소적영향;가통과채취합리선용재료급한조、우화한접공예、피면산생응력집중점、방지부식용액부집、개변수송개질성분급운용음겁보호법등조시감완응력부식개렬적발생。
In the chemical industry field,the common material of pressure pipings for transporting corrosive medium is austenitic stainless steel,and stress corrosion cracking is the main failure mode for austenitic stainless steel.The stress corrosion cracking mechanism,main influence factors and preventive measures of austenitic stainless steel pressure pipings were discussed and analyzed.The results show that the stress corrosion cracking mechanism of austenitic stainless steel pressure pipings can be divided into hydrogen induced stress corrosion cracking and‘slipping-dissolving-fracture’ model.The corrosion rate was mainly affected by factors such as tensile stress,corrosivity of the transmission medium,operating temperature,hydrogen element,transmission medium washouting to the piping wall and so on.Measures such as choosing reasonable materials and electrode,optimizing welding process,avoiding forming stress concentration, preventing corrosion solution concentration, changing transmission medium compositions,applying cathodic protection and so on,can be adopted to reduce the stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steel pressure pipings.