风景园林
風景園林
풍경완림
Landscape Architecture
2015年
9期
113-120
,共8页
风景园林学%视觉景观评估%风景感知%景观可视化%多感官体验%公众参与
風景園林學%視覺景觀評估%風景感知%景觀可視化%多感官體驗%公衆參與
풍경완림학%시각경관평고%풍경감지%경관가시화%다감관체험%공음삼여
Landscape Architecture%Visual Landscape Evaluation%Landscape Perception%Landscape Visualization%Multisensory Experience%Public Participation
从理论、方法和技术研发与应用3方面，阐述了国内外视觉景观评估研究的进展、难题及初步的解决设想。在2个对立学派的基础上形成视觉景观质量评估。基于专家的评估认为视觉景观质量是其自身物质特性的内在表现。基于公众的评估认为景观美是客体或视觉媒介和观察者的相互作用。3D可视化、遥感、视觉模型、GIS等技术已经广泛应用于视觉景观评估中。当前，不论宏观还是微观的视觉评估，都朝着多感官体验、多尺度多角度模拟、用户评估简便化的方向发展。然而，视觉景观研究始终面临难题，包括理论与方法的难题、技术的局限性问题。针对当前研究存在的问题提出了初步的解决设想，进行理论创新以及从技术角度进一步增强环境模拟真实度、加强用户参与性。移动增强现实技术的最新发展将现存环境的影像与被数字可视化的未来变化影像相叠合，如同现场体验一般，从而提供了全方位的感官体验，这将为景观评估提供新的途径。
從理論、方法和技術研髮與應用3方麵，闡述瞭國內外視覺景觀評估研究的進展、難題及初步的解決設想。在2箇對立學派的基礎上形成視覺景觀質量評估。基于專傢的評估認為視覺景觀質量是其自身物質特性的內在錶現。基于公衆的評估認為景觀美是客體或視覺媒介和觀察者的相互作用。3D可視化、遙感、視覺模型、GIS等技術已經廣汎應用于視覺景觀評估中。噹前，不論宏觀還是微觀的視覺評估，都朝著多感官體驗、多呎度多角度模擬、用戶評估簡便化的方嚮髮展。然而，視覺景觀研究始終麵臨難題，包括理論與方法的難題、技術的跼限性問題。針對噹前研究存在的問題提齣瞭初步的解決設想，進行理論創新以及從技術角度進一步增彊環境模擬真實度、加彊用戶參與性。移動增彊現實技術的最新髮展將現存環境的影像與被數字可視化的未來變化影像相疊閤，如同現場體驗一般，從而提供瞭全方位的感官體驗，這將為景觀評估提供新的途徑。
종이론、방법화기술연발여응용3방면，천술료국내외시각경관평고연구적진전、난제급초보적해결설상。재2개대립학파적기출상형성시각경관질량평고。기우전가적평고인위시각경관질량시기자신물질특성적내재표현。기우공음적평고인위경관미시객체혹시각매개화관찰자적상호작용。3D가시화、요감、시각모형、GIS등기술이경엄범응용우시각경관평고중。당전，불론굉관환시미관적시각평고，도조착다감관체험、다척도다각도모의、용호평고간편화적방향발전。연이，시각경관연구시종면림난제，포괄이론여방법적난제、기술적국한성문제。침대당전연구존재적문제제출료초보적해결설상，진행이론창신이급종기술각도진일보증강배경모의진실도、가강용호삼여성。이동증강현실기술적최신발전장현존배경적영상여피수자가시화적미래변화영상상첩합，여동현장체험일반，종이제공료전방위적감관체험，저장위경관평고제공신적도경。
Focusing on theories, methodologies, researches and practices, this paper summarizes the progress, difficulties and primary solving ideas of visual landscape at home and abroad. The quality of the visual landscape is approached on the basis of two contrasting paradigms. The expert based approach assumes that visual landscape quality is inherent in its physical characteristics. The lay persons based approach regards landscape beauty as a function of the object or the visual stimulus and the observer. Assessments can be widely carried out by 3D-visualisation, remote sensing, vision model, GIS, etc. The current visual assessment, regardless of macroscopic or microcosmic study, is developing to the multi-sensory experience, multi-scale and multi-angle simulation, the simplified utilization. However, the problems to visual landscape researches were also listed, including the difficulties over both theories and methods, and the limitations of technical tools. The primary ideas to solve these problems were proposed, such as enhancing theoretical innovations, promoting the realism of the environmental simulations with techniques and fostering participation of users. Recent developments in mobile Augmented Reality alow to overlay digital visualizations, showing proposed future changes on top of the existing environment as experienced in the field, thus providing a multi-sensory experience. It has the potential to lead to new routes in landscape evaluation.
